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Showing results for tags 'Cognitive tasks'.
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Content ArticleThis systematic review in the British Journal of Surgery aimed to describe types of cognitive bias in surgery, their impact on surgical performance and patient outcomes, their source, and the mitigation strategies used to reduce their effect. The authors concluded that cognitive biases have a negative impact on surgical performance and patient outcomes across all points of surgical care. This review highlights the scarcity of research investigating the sources that give rise to cognitive biases in surgery and the mitigation strategies that target these factors.
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- Safety culture
- Cognitive tasks
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Content ArticleThis download is the third of three chapters of a book which complements the Chartered Institute of Ergonomics and Human Factors' Healthcare Learning Pathway and is intended as a practical resource for students The book aims to provide well-founded, practical guidance to those responsible for leading and implementing human factors programmes and interventions in health and social care.
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- Human factors
- Ergonomics
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Content ArticleFatigue and sleep deprivation may affect healthcare professionals' skills and communication style and also may affect clinical outcomes. However, there are no current guidelines limiting the volume of deliveries and procedures performed by a single individual, or on the length of time that they can be on call. This Committee Opinion from the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) analyses research relating to fatigue and performance in healthcare professionals in order to make recommendations to doctors and managers to improve staff and patient safety.
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- Fatigue / exhaustion
- Staff safety
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Content ArticleThis study in the Annals of Surgery aimed to characterise errors, events and distractions in the operating theatre, and measure the technical skills of surgeons in minimally invasive surgery practice. The authors of the study implemented the use of an operating room (OR) Black Box, a multiport data capture system that identifies intraoperative errors, events and distractions. The study found that the OR Black Box identified frequent intraoperative errors and events, variation in surgeons’ technical skills and a high number of environmental distractions during elective laparoscopic operations.
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- Surgery - General
- Surgeon
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Content ArticleThis editorial in BMJ Quality & Safety looks at the risks to patient safety posed by negative interpersonal interactions between healthcare professionals. The authors review a recent study on the subject by Linda Guo et al that revealed how and when these negative behaviours from staff may have an impact on patient outcomes and clinical performance. They highlight the huge scale of the impact of unacceptable behaviours, arguing that it is even greater than evidenced in Guo et al's research. They also highlight that there are other, largely unexplored impacts on healthcare workers, patients and their families when they are exposed to unacceptable interactions.
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- Staff factors
- Cognitive tasks
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Content ArticleMany people with Long Covid experience varying levels of long-term cognitive impairment, but the causes of this are not well understood. This preprint longitudinal observational study aimed to identify links between cognitive impairment and different biomarkers in people with Long Covid. The authors reported the findings of 128 prospectively studied patients who had tested positive for Covid. They looked at: lung function, physical and mental health at two months post diagnosis. blood cytokines, neuro-biomarkers and kynurenine pathway (KP) metabolites at 2-, 4-, 8- and 12-months post diagnosis. The study identified that KP metabolites were significantly associated with cognitive decline and could therefore offer a potential therapeutic target for treating cognitive impairment related to Long Covid.
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- Long Covid
- Tests / investigations
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Content Article
Human factors - Safer surgery checklist (June 2022)
Patient-Safety-Learning posted an article in Surgery
This literature review in The Operating Theatre Journal looks at 'How industry has helped healthcare better understand human factors'. The author, Nigel Roberts, Theatre Lead at the University Hospitals of Derby and Burton, looks at this question in relation to teamwork, leadership, situational awareness, communication and culture.- Posted
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- Human factors
- Surgery - General
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Content ArticleThis US study in The Journal of Nursing Care Quality examined the relationship between nurse-reported patient safety grades and both burnout and the nursing work environment. It found that healthcare organisations may reduce negative patient safety ratings by reducing nurse burnout and improving the work environment at an organisation-wide level.
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- Nurse
- Fatigue / exhaustion
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Content ArticleDiagnostic errors are the number one patient safety concern in healthcare today, inflicting harm on hundreds of thousands of patients in the USA annually. The problem is complex and involves the difficulties inherent in diagnosis generally, the known weaknesses of human cognition and the myriad breakdown points in our healthcare systems. In this BMJ Editorial, Mark Graber discusses the advantages of clinical decision support tools for diagnosis (CDS-Dx) and three promising trends regarding the uptake and potential use of CDS-Dx systems. Further reading: Co-development of OurDX - an online tool to facilitate patient and family engagement in the diagnostic process
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- Diagnosis
- Diagnostic error
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Content Article
Working under pressure: Performance infographics
Patient Safety Learning posted an article in Good practice
Core Cognition have produced some helpful infographics for staff working under pressure, including fatigue and cognitive performance, cognitive biases and diagnostic error and8 tools to improve communication under pressure,- Posted
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- Fatigue / exhaustion
- Stress
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Content ArticleThere is evidence that COVID-19 may cause long term health changes past acute symptoms, termed ‘long COVID’. This paper includes detailed cognitive assessment and questionnaire data from tens thousands of datasets, collected in collaboration with BBC2 Horizon, which align with the view that there are chronic cognitive consequences of having COVID-19. This article, published by medRxiv, is a preprint and has not been peer-reviewed. It reports new medical research that has yet to be evaluated and so should not be used to guide clinical practice.
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- Post-virus support
- Cognitive tasks
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Content ArticleExpanding on his previous commentary 'What does all this safety stuff have to do with me', Dan Cohen, Patient Safety Learning's Trustee and former Chief Medical Officer at DATIX, has written this article for the hub on personal responsibility in patient safe care.
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- Cognitive tasks
- Competence
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Content Article
RCOG: Video briefing on human factors and situational awareness
Claire Cox posted an article in Maternity
Each baby counts is the Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologist's national quality improvement programme to reduce the number of babies who die or are left severely disabled as a result of incidents occurring during term labour. Watch the Each baby counts human factors video for information on how to address issues within your unit. -
Content Article
A reflective account of the culture of fear
Anonymous posted an article in Bullying and fear
This is my story of how one bad experience can lead to another. We talk a lot about patients and their safety (quite rightly so) but very rarely do we hear about the healthcare professional who is going through turmoil and their mental health. This is my story. -
Content ArticleThis edited book concerns the real practice of human factors and ergonomics (HF/E), conveying the perspectives and experiences of practitioners and other stakeholders in a variety of industrial sectors, organisational settings and working contexts.
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- Ergonomics
- Decision making
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Content ArticleIn many safety-critical environments, including healthcare, operators need to remember to perform a deferred task, which requires prospective memory. Laboratory experiments suggest that extended prospective memory retention intervals, and interruptions in those retention intervals, could impair prospective memory performance.
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- Human error
- Memory
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Content Article
Human error: models and management
Claire Cox posted an article in Improving patient safety
In this BMJ article, James Reason discusses how the human error problem can be viewed in two ways: the person approach and the system approach. Each has its model of error causation and each model gives rise to quite different philosophies of error management. Understanding these differences has important practical implications for coping with the ever present risk of mishaps in clinical practice.- Posted
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- Cognitive tasks
- Distractions/ interruptions
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Content ArticleSteven Shorrock is an interdisciplinary humanistic, systems and design practitioner interested in human work from multiple perspectives. The term 'human factor' is rarely defined, but people often refer to reducing it. In this blog, Steven asks what are we actually reducing?
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- Human error
- Heuristics
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Content ArticleThe digital transformation of medicine is perhaps best exemplified by computerised provider order entry (CPOE), which refers to any system in which clinicians directly place orders electronically, with the orders transmitted directly to the recipient. As recently as 10 years ago, most clinician orders were handwritten. Spurred by the 2009 federal HITECH Act and the accompanying Meaningful Use program, CPOE usage rapidly increased in inpatient and outpatient settings. The vast majority of hospitals in the US and most outpatient practices now use some form of CPOE. CPOE systems were originally developed to improve the safety of medication orders, but modern systems now allow electronic ordering of tests, procedures, and consultations as well.
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- Prescribing
- Information processing
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Content ArticlePotentially preventable adverse events remain a formidable cause of patient harm and health care expenditure despite advances in systems-based risk-reduction strategies. This quality improvement study from Suliburk et al., published in JAMA Network Open, analysed the incidence of human performance deficiencies during the provision of surgical care to identify opportunities to enhance patient safety.
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- Operating theatre / recovery
- Anaesthetist
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Content ArticleErrors in clinical reasoning occur in most cases in which the diagnosis is missed, delayed or wrong. The goal of this review from Graber et al., published in BMJ Quality & Safety was to identify interventions that might reduce the likelihood of these cognitive errors. The authors identified a wide range of possible approaches to reduce cognitive errors in diagnosis. Not all the suggestions have been tested, and of those that have, the evaluations typically involved trainees in artificial settings, making it difficult to extrapolate the results to actual practice. Future progress in this area will require methodological refinements in outcome evaluation and rigorously evaluating interventions already suggested, many of which are well conceptualised and widely endorsed.
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- Diagnostic error
- Cognitive tasks
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Content ArticleThe Health and Safety Executive have taken a topic-focused approach to human factors. These topics have proven to be key issues based on research, consultation with industry and intermediaries, and inspection experience.
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- Cognitive tasks
- Communication problems
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Content ArticleWas a lack of situational awareness a contributing factor in the outcome of this 'routine operation'? In this human factors video, Martin Bromiley, a pilot, explains what happened that day and what measures need to be in place to prevent other similar incidents.
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- Operating theatre / recovery
- Anaesthetist
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Content ArticleThis case study, published in Safety Science, looks at aviation to illustrate the conflict, and double-binds, created as those in high-consequence industries negotiate the fluid lines of accountability relationship boundaries. This germane example is the crash of Swissair Flight 111, near Halifax, Nova Scotia, in 1998. The paper offers dialogue to aid in understanding the influence accountability relationships have on safety, and how employee behavioural expectations shift in accordance. McCall and Prunchnicki propose that this examination will help redefine accountability boundaries that support a just culture within dynamic high-consequence industries.
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- Cognitive tasks
- Communication problems
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