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Lucy Harding is a Patient Safety Partner at North London NHS Foundation Trust, where she has also been a patient and Peer Support Worker.   In this reflective piece, Lucy shares her insights around how design in healthcare can impact patient safety. She draws on her professional background and lived experience of inpatient mental health care as an autistic person, to highlight the critical relationship between design and emotional safety. *Content warning: references to suicidality and self-harm.  I have a particular interest in how the physical environment shapes emotional regulation, sensory experience, and feelings of safety. As an autistic person, I also value sensory design and service accessibility, and I’m passionate about creating therapeutic spaces that genuinely support recovery. Design is a core component of patient safety My interest comes from experiencing first-hand how profoundly the built environment can affect emotional state, distress levels, and the ability to feel safe and engage in treatment. Poorly designed wards can feel chaotic, overwhelming, and sometimes frightening. My experience of patient involvement in co‑production projects, from artwork to furniture selection, helped me realise that design isn’t superficial; it’s a core component of patient safety and experience. As an autistic person, sensory design is very important to me, and I’ve experienced how unmet sensory needs can escalate distress. These experiences have made me want to advocate for safer and more therapeutic environments. Seeing the transformative impact of thoughtful design for mental health —such as improved acoustics, better lighting, and more predictable, calming spaces— has shown me how design can actively support or hinder safety. How the environment can impact patient safety Environments that feel like containment: institutional or outdated spaces can make people feel unsafe, watched, or confined. People should have access to outdoor spaces and fresh air, but not every mental health ward provides immediate access (eg. many wards require leave from hospital to be agreed by a care team, as there are not gardens designed into the ward environment). Sensory overload: harsh lighting, echoing voices in corridors, and unpredictable multi‑use spaces can heighten distress, especially for autistic people and those with experiences of trauma. There were times I had no control over sensory input as a patient, and this felt extremely destabilising and made me unsafe. I disengaged with and resisted treatment, and I self-harmed. The National Autistic Society reports that the average length of stay for autistic people in mental health hospital is 4.6 years, which is a considerably long time.[1] The Assuring Transformation dataset can help ICBs to look at where inequalities are for autistic people without LD in comparison to the general population.[2] I am curious about how much building design contributes to this inequity (rather than the clinical care provided). Lack of temperature control: wards that become extremely hot or cold can make rooms unsafe both physically and emotionally. Hot rooms feel stuffy and uninviting to use, both for staff and patients. High temperatures can make me feel more irritable and less rational. Many psychiatric medications also impact body temperature regulation. As temperatures are rising globally, improving ventilation and prioritising resources for this is becoming more essential. Poor acoustic design: noise and echoing make communication difficult, increasing misunderstandings and conflict. Lack of safe respite spaces: without somewhere quiet to withdraw, people may seek unsafe alternatives. I hid on my windowsill often as a patient, escaping observations and noise – but being unseen for two hours was a risk, and I wasn’t always keeping myself safe. Old buildings and shared facilities: shared bathrooms and dormitory bedrooms, and a lack of purpose-use ward spaces can create conflict, distress, and act as a barrier to treatment being therapeutic. Designing ensuite bedrooms, creating dedicated rooms for therapy, group activities, and quiet/sensory rooms can make a difference to how safe a ward feels. When design supports safety An example of a positive design change I experienced was the installation of a sound‑absorbing panel at an inpatient mental health service. It made a noticeable difference- reducing echoing and softening the overall noise level, which helped communication feel calmer and more respectful. This kind of acoustic improvement reduces the intensity and unpredictability of sounds on a ward. Also, seeing our photographs on the wall made me, as a patient, feel safe, heard, and included. Connecting with others through art and design ultimately lifted me out of a state of intense suicidality and depression. That lens has led me to be very passionate about design being directly connected to patient safety. Challenges and barriers Key challenges and barriers to designing healthcare environments in ways that support patient safety: Budget constraints: sensory‑friendly or trauma‑informed design is often seen as optional rather than essential. Legacy buildings: older wards may be structurally unsuitable for modern design standards. Competing priorities: safety is often interpreted narrowly (eg ligature reduction, or a reduction in a particular category of reported incidents) rather than holistically, which can overshadow sensory and emotional safety. Lack of awareness: designers and decision‑makers may not fully understand sensory needs or lived experience perspectives. Operational pressures: busy wards can deprioritise environmental improvements or require more focus and time than ward staffing allows. Limited co‑production: without meaningful involvement from service users, important design needs can be overlooked. These barriers mean that environments sometimes prioritise containment over comfort, despite evidence that therapeutic design improves safety. Considerations for safer design Co‑production from the start: involve service users, carers, and staff in every stage of design—not just as a consultation step. Sensory‑informed design: consider lighting, acoustics, temperature, predictability, and access to quiet spaces. Flexibility and choice: offer different types of spaces for different needs—calming rooms, social areas, private space, and low‑stimulus zones. Accessibility as standard: such as acoustic design for autistic people, people with hearing impairments, and sensory processing differences. Trauma‑informed principles: prioritise dignity, autonomy, and emotional safety. Feedback loops: continue involving patients after the building opens to refine and improve the environment. Final reflections Feeling safe is not the same as being objectively safe, and both matter equally in mental health settings. Design should never be an afterthought: it is a therapeutic intervention in its own right. When we create environments that respect sensory needs, reduce distress, and promote autonomy, we support recovery and reduce risk. Co‑production with patients isn’t just good practice, it’s essential for designing spaces that truly work for the people who use them. References 1. National Autistic Society. Number of autistic people in mental health hospitals: latest data. June 2025. Accessed online 13/15/26. 2. NHS England. The Assuring Transformation dataset (Table 3, column F&G: average length of stay for autistic patients without a learning disability). March 2026. Accessed online 13/05/26.

This toolkit is a co‑designed set of materials created with researchers, people with personal experience of suicide and self-harm, and healthcare professionals. Inspired by the family of Jaymie Mart, known as Jay, who died by suicide in 2012 at the age of 32, the toolkit—which was funded by the National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR)—offers clear, practical guidance to help adults create and review personalised safety plans. Safety plans are structured tools that support people experiencing self‑harm or suicidal thoughts by helping them identify strategies to stay safe during a crisis. The resource is designed for families, friends, wider support networks, individuals themselves, and health and social care professionals. In this toolkit you will find: A guide through each step of the safety planning journey, from starting a plan to reviewing and updating it. Examples from people with experience of suicide and self-harm. Links to further resources and support information. You can use it to: Guide safety planning conversations. Support training. Encourage reflection and learning. This prototype toolkit is based on research evidence and was co-designed with people who have lived experience, alongside health and social care practitioners. It has been developed to support good-quality, personalised safety planning in practice. It follows national guidance, including recommendations from NICE and the NHS. This toolkit is dedicated to Jaymie, who sadly died by suicide. You can listen to Jaymie’s mother, Paula, share Jaymie’s story and explain why she believes personalised safety planning is important here.

Mental Health Awareness Week is an annual event which aims to raise awareness and promote open conversations about mental health.  In this Top picks, we’ve pulled together resources, blogs and reports from the hub that focus on improving patient safety across different aspects of mental health services and also supporting staff with their own mental health and wellbeing. 1 World mental health today: latest data (WHO, 2025) This World Health Organization (WHO) document draws on the latest information available to outline the state of mental health and mental health systems in the world. It shows that mental health conditions remain highly prevalent, with more than a billion people worldwide living with a mental disorder. This report provides essential data to guide national and global dialogue. It highlights where progress is being made – and where critical gaps persist. This report should serve as a vital tool for policy-makers, implementers and advocates alike. 2 Jay’s Personalised Safety Planning Toolkit: A guide to support meaningful safety planning for self-harm and suicide This toolkit is a co‑designed set of materials created with researchers, people with personal experience of suicide and self-harm, and healthcare professionals. Inspired by the family of Jaymie Mart, known as Jay, who died by suicide in 2012 at the age of 32, the toolkit—which was funded by the National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR)—offers clear, practical guidance to help adults create and review personalised safety plans. 3 Harry’s story: Acute Behavioural Disturbance In December 2022, Harry Vass died after experiencing Acute Behavioural Disturbance (ABD) and a complex disturbance in normal physiology. Harry’s death was found to be avoidable as carers were not fully aware of this condition associated with acute psychosis. In this blog, Harry’s mother Julie describes the barriers they faced in getting the right support and care for Harry before he died and highlights the need for healthcare staff to have a greater awareness of ABD and the associated risks of a medical emergency. You can also read a second blog by Julie, where she explains more about Acute Behavioural Disturbance and the changes she believes are needed to make sure patients like Harry are cared for appropriately. 4 Life Beyond the Cubicle: eLearning to support working well with families during mental health crises A set of eLearning modules designed to educate and update clinicians on the importance of involving families wherever possible during mental health crises to improve patient care, avoid harm and reduce deaths. They were developed as a partnership between Oxford Health NHS Foundation Trust and Making Families Count, with funding from NHS England South East Region (HEE legacy funds). The resources have been co-produced by people with lived experience as patients, family carers and clinicians, supported by an Advisory Group drawn from a wide range of expertise, tested in eleven NHS Trusts and independently evaluated. 5 Mental health crises: how to improve care In May 2024, National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) Evidence held a webinar on care for adults in mental health crisis. The webinar shared research findings on what works in community crisis care, how acute day units compare to crisis resolution teams and whether peer-supported self-management can reduce acute readmissions. This Collection summarises the 3 research projects presented at the webinar. It includes video clips from the speakers and incorporates quotes from the day. The information will be useful for anyone involved in commissioning or delivering mental health crisis services. 6 Self-harm: assessment, management and preventing recurrence This new guideline from the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) covers assessment, management and preventing recurrence for children, young people and adults who have self-harmed. It includes those with a mental health problem, neurodevelopmental disorder or learning disability and applies to all sectors that work with people who have self-harmed. The guideline sets out some important principles for care and treatment. For example, it states that self-harming patients treated in primary care must receive regular follow-up appointments, regular reviews of self-harm behaviour and a regular medicines review. 7 Hope Virgo: What needs to happen to stop people with eating disorders being failed by the healthcare system? In this blog, Hope Virgo, author and Secretariat for the All Party Parliamentary Group (APPG) on Eating Disorders, examines the crisis that continues in eating disorder services in the UK and the devastating impact this is having on patients and their families. She highlights how failures in services lead to avoidable deaths. Hope shares the key recommendations from a new report by the APPG and calls for adequate funding and attention to ensure people with eating disorders receive the help they need to recover. 8 Designing paediatric wards to support mental health Blog from the Health Services Safety Investigations Board (HSSIB) authored by Saskia Fursland, Senior Safety Investigator. She talks about her visit to a newly opened paediatric ward where its design has carefully considered children and young people with mental health needs. Saskia reflects on the learning which could support other paediatric wards to improve their environments. 9 Zero Suicide Alliance training The Zero Suicide Alliance is a collaboration of NHS trusts, charities, businesses and individuals who are committed to suicide prevention in the UK and beyond. Their website offers free online training courses to teach people the skills and confidence to have potentially life-saving conversations with someone they’re worried about. They offer short online modules covering general suicide awareness, social isolation and suicide in veterans and university students. 10 How can our team move past a traumatic event? After an extreme traumatic event there are things that you can do to help yourself, and your colleagues, to move on. Fiona Day, medical and public health leadership coach and chartered coaching psychologist, Stacey Killick, consultant paediatrician at Glan Clwyd Hospital, and Lucy Easthope, professor in practice at Durham University’s Institute of Hazard, Risk, and Resilience and adviser on disaster recovery give their tips in this BMJ article. 11 Trusted information collection: severe mental illness (Patient Information Forum) The Patient Information Forum (PIF) have launched a series of new collections to help people find trusted resources. Each collection only features resources that have the PIF TICK. That means they are easy-to-read, evidence-based and easy to understand. Topics include: schizophrenia, bipolar disorder and psychosis. 12 Vicarious trauma: The invisible epidemic In healthcare, an insidious epidemic lurks beneath the surface, affecting the very individuals tasked with providing care: vicarious trauma by empathy. Despite its profound impact, this phenomenon remains largely unrecognised and under-discussed within the sector. As leaders, it is imperative that we shed light on this invisible trauma and acknowledge it as one of the greatest challenges facing our industry, as Margarida Pacheco explains in this blog. 13 Beyond stereotypes: A lived experience guide to navigating support for disordered eating Disordered eating can affect anyone, but it can be confusing to understand and recognise it in our own personal experiences. This guide, published by East London NHS Foundation Trust, is a snapshot of how adults in East London have navigated those experiences of uncertainty while seeking support for disordered eating. For many of the contributors, preconceptions about what an eating disorder is (or isn’t) have previously acted as a barrier to seeking or receiving support. It also contains advice on how to seek support for disordered eating. 14 “The alarming rate of suicide among healthcare workers should be a wake-up call in the urgent need to support them” Frontline19 was established at the start of the Covid pandemic as an urgent response to support frontline workers who were under extreme pressure and experiencing significant mental health challenges. Psychotherapist Claire Goodwin-Fee is the founder and CEO of Frontline19. In this blog, Claire explains how systemic pressures and stigma around mental health are continuing to leave healthcare staff extremely vulnerable. 15 Blog: Why harmful gender stereotypes surrounding men’s approaches towards their feelings need challenging This blog explores why men are reluctant to seek support when they are struggling with their mental health and why the suicide rate is so high. It looks at initiatives that exist to encourage men to seek help and highlights what more could be done to support mens’ mental health. 16 Time for a rebalance: psychological and emotional well-being in the healthcare workforce as the foundation for patient safety In this editorial for BMJ Quality and Safety, Kate Kirk explains why staff well-being is the foundation to improving patient safety. 17 Top tips and key actions for successful collaborative partnership working across mental health services These top tips and key actions have been co-developed to support effective collaborative partnership working in the planning and delivery of community mental health services. They recognise that every heath and care system will experience challenges in relation to partnership working given the statutory and cultural differences of organisations working across the mental health pathways and that there will be different arrangements to frame local partnership working, including for example a Section 75 agreement. 18 Balancing care: The psychological impact of ensuring patient safety In this blog, Leah Bowden, a patient safety specialist, reflects on the impact her job has on her mental health and family life. She discusses why there needs to be specialised clinical supervision for staff involved in reviewing patient safety incidents and how organisations need to come together to identify ways we can support our patient safety teams. 19 NHS England: Staying safe from suicide: Best practice guidance for safety assessment, formulation and management This guidance supports the government’s work to reduce suicide and improve mental health services. It promotes a shift towards a more holistic, person-centred approach rather than relying on risk prediction, which is unreliable because suicidal thoughts can change quickly. Instead, it recommends using a method based on understanding each person’s situation and managing their safety. 20 The Motherhood Group: Black maternal mental health report UK The Motherhood Group has launched a landmark report on Black maternal mental health in the United Kingdom, shining a light on the urgent need for safe spaces, culturally competent peer support, digital access, and community-driven, anti-racist solutions. This report centres the lived experiences of Black mothers and highlights systemic barriers to quality, affordable mental healthcare. By leading this research, The Motherhood Group places Black mothers’ voices at the forefront of national conversations, providing policy-makers, health services, and communities with the insights needed to drive meaningful change. 21 Mental Maintenance at NEAS: a proactive approach to staff mental health The North East Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust (NEAS) provides emergency medical and patient transport services to a population of 2.7 million people in the North East region, employing over 3,400 staff members. Exposure to traumatic events, the demands of shift working and an uncertainty of what’s in store each day, can impact ambulance staff mental health. Read how North East Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust created a campaign to provide proactive staff mental health support. 22 Mind: The big mental health report 2025 Mind’s 2025 Big Mental Health Report explores the state of mental health, and mental health services and support across England and Wales. It builds on the insights from their 2024 report and gives a comprehensive picture of mental health to date, serving as a crucial guide that anyone can use. It explores the latest evidence on the nation’s mental health including how well services are supporting mental health in England and Wales. 23 Making sense after a suicide: living with blame, uncertainty, and the need for answers. You are not alone Each year, more than 700,000 people die by suicide worldwide. In the UK, it is around 7,000 – making it the biggest cause of death for people aged 20–34 and for men under 50. Making Families Count have created this resource to offer some comfort, recognition, and companionship in the aftermath of bereavement by suicide, whether it seems the person intended to take their own life, or their intention was unclear. The resource consists of a booklet and three short films of people’s stories of their bereavement by suicide. Written by Dr Rachel Gibbons, with contributions from a group of bereaved families, Dr Karen Lascelles, and comments and suggestions from other affected people and those who work with them. 24 National Audit of Eating Disorders Service Mapping Report 2025 The National Audit of Eating Disorders (NAED) is commissioned by the Healthcare Quality Improvement Partnership (HQIP) and funded by NHS England as part of the National Clinical Audit and Patient Outcomes Programme. In 2025 the NAED team conducted a comprehensive mapping of eating disorder service provision across England. This report provides an in-depth overview of NHS-funded and independent sector services for children, young people, and adults. 25 Mental health crisis care: legislative challenges in emergency departments (HSSIB) The Health Services Safety Investigations Body (HSSIB) published two reports intended for healthcare organisations, policymakers and the public to help improve patient safety in relation to safety issues identified for people experiencing a mental health crisis who come into contact with urgent and emergency care services. This first report focuses on the significant legal, policy and safety gap in the care of people in emergency departments (EDs) in mental health crisis. During consultation on this report, concerns were shared with HSSIB about the current challenges in relation to the resourcing and configuration of mental health services that exacerbate challenges faced in the ED. 26 Mental health: attempted suicide while under the care of community services (HSSIB) The second HSSIB investigation used the patient safety incident investigation (PSII) report template and Patient Safety Incident Review Framework (PSIRF) tools to investigate an attempted suicide in the community mental health setting. Findings and areas for improvement are listed for the organisations that were involved in this incident. However, the learning may be relevant to other organisations. Have your say Do you have any stories, insights or resources related to mental health? We would love to hear from you! Comment below (register for free here first) Get in touch with us directly to share your insights.

Families often struggle to give and get information about a loved one’s care “because of confidentiality” - find out how it should work Join Making Families Count for a new series of lunchtime online seminars for families, carers, and health professionals. These free one-hour sessions bring together expert speakers with family carers to explore key issues in mental health care, patient confidentiality, suicide bereavement, and patient safety. Each event will include the opportunity to submit questions in advance. Whether you are supporting a loved one, working in health services, or seeking to better understand these issues, these sessions aim to provide practical insight, clearer understanding, and greater confidence. Led by: Dr Sarah Constantine, Caldicott Guardian at Avon and Wiltshire Mental Health Partnership NHS Trust Respondent: Sam Robinson, MFC Lived Experience Director Families are often told they cannot receive information about a loved one’s care “because of confidentiality” — and often struggle to have the information they want to provide taken seriously. This session will explore: How confidentiality should work in mental health care What information families want to share and why it matters How families can and should help influence care and safety planning What best practice looks like in real life Ideal for: families, carers, clinicians, and mental health professionals. Register

On Tuesday 19 May, a new toolkit to support adults at risk of self-harm or suicide will be launched at The University of Manchester’s Whitworth Art Gallery, as part of a free and interactive event open to all. Jay’s Personalised Safety Planning Toolkit, co-designed by researchers, people with lived experience, and healthcare professionals, is an evidence-based, practical guide that offers a more personalised approach to safety planning within health and care settings, offering meaningful support to help save more lives. The Safety Planning Toolkit can be used by: Individuals themselves Families, friends, and wider support networks Health and social care professionals The launch event is open to anyone with an interest in safety planning for self-harm and suicide prevention, including practitioners from across health and social care, as well as individuals who may use safety planning themselves, along with family, friends and other support people. Book your place here.