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Found 196 results
  1. Content Article
    At the start of 2025, the NHS Race and Health Observatory sponsored an infographic, explaining how healthcare professionals can spot the signs of jaundice in babies with dark skin tones. This infographic below, designed by Dr Helen Gbinigie and Dr Oghenetega Edokpolor, in collaboration with FiveXMore and Bliss, serves as a guide for parents' for recognising jaundice in Black and Brown babies, including where and how to seek help.
  2. Content Article
    In high-income countries, critical illness in children is rare, and often difficult for physicians to distinguish from common minor illness until late in the disease. Parents or caregivers are well positioned to detect early and subtle signs of deterioration, but the relationship between their concerns and patient outcomes is unknown. This study examined the relationship between documented caregiver concern about clinical deterioration and critical illness in children presenting to hospital. It found that caregiver concern for clinical deterioration is associated with critical illness in paediatric patients and, after adjusting for variables including abnormal vital signs, had a strong association with ICU admission and mechanical ventilation. Rapid response systems should incorporate proactive assessment of parent or caregiver concerns for deterioration.
  3. Content Article
    In the UK, around 20,000 children are admitted to intensive care each year. Most will receive oxygen through a ventilator. Many hospitals aim to give almost as much oxygen as people’s blood can carry (more than 94% saturation). However, some studies suggest that this could be harmful for some children. Providing less oxygen (88 to 92% of the blood’s capacity) may be better. A groundbreaking nurse-led NIHR trial explored the oxygen levels of critically ill children in intensive care. The study found that with reduced oxygen targets children spent less time on life-saving machines and required fewer drugs. The researchers say that with reduced oxygen targets: 50 more children would survive in the UK each year the NHS could save £20 million per year. The findings suggest that, if oxygen targets for children in intensive care were reduced across the NHS, 50 more children would survive every year. In total, children would spend 6,000 fewer days in intensive care. Lower oxygen targets could be particularly beneficial in countries where resources are scarce, the researchers say, or at times of crisis (such as during a pandemic).
  4. Content Article
    NHS Race and Health Observatory Review of Neonatal Assessment and Practice in Black, Asian, and Minority Ethnic Newborns highlighted the need for educational resources to help healthcare professionals assess babies with dark skin tones, who are at higher risk of developing jaundice and experiencing delayed diagnosis and treatment. This new infographic for health care professionals, “10 Steps to spot Jaundice in Black and Brown babies” was designed by Dr. Helen Gbinigie, Neonatal Consultant at Medway Hospital and Clinical Lead for KM LMNS; and Dr. Oghenetega Edokpolor, ST5 Paediatric Trainee at Medway Hospital, in collaboration with the NHS Race and Health Observatory. It’s a vital tool in pursuing the Observatory’s aims to reduce neonatal ethnic health inequalities. Related reading on the hub: A parents’ guide to recognising jaundice in Black and Brown babies
  5. News Article
    As the Trump administration contemplates new clinical trials for Covid boosters and moves to restrict Covid vaccines for children and others, parents whose children participated in the clinical trials expressed anger and dismay. “It’s really devastating to see this evidence base officially ignored and discarded,” said Sophia Bessias, a parent in North Carolina whose two- and four-year-old kids were part of the Pfizer paediatric vaccine trial. “As a parent and also a paediatrician, I think it’s devastating that we might no longer have the option to protect kids against Covid,” said Katherine Matthias, a paediatrician in South Carolina and a cofounder of Protect Their Future, a children’s health organization. Robert F Kennedy Jr, head of the US Department of Health and Human Services (HHS), has called for new trials using saline placebos for each of the routine childhood vaccines recommended by the Centers of Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), even though these vaccines have already been tested against placebos or against vaccines that were themselves tested against placebos. Marty Makary, the head of the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA), and Vinay Prasad, the FDA’s vaccines chief, outlined a plan in a recent editorial to restrict Covid boosters for anyone under the age of 65 without certain health conditions. For everyone else between the ages of six months and 64 years old, each updated Covid vaccine would need to undergo another randomized controlled clinical trial, Makary and Prasad said. It’s not clear when, how or whether this plan will be implemented officially. On Tuesday, top US health officials said on the social media site X that they would remove the recommendation for Covid vaccination from the childhood immunization schedule, and would also cease recommending it for pregnant people, who have much higher risks of illness, death and pregnancy complications with Covid. On Friday, the CDC appeared to contradict that announcement by keeping Covid vaccines as a routine immunization for children – though the agency now says health providers “may” recommend the vaccine, instead of saying they “should” recommend it. Changing recommendations could affect doctors’ and parents’ understanding of the safety and effectiveness of the vaccines. Read full story Source: The Guardian, 2 June 2025
  6. News Article
    Doctors trust a parent’s gut instinct that their child is becoming severely ill, research has shown, finding that it is a better indicator of health than medical tests. The study analysed data from almost 190,000 A&E visits by children in Melbourne, Australia, where the parents were routinely asked: “Are you worried your child is getting worse?” Parents’ intuition was “significantly” linked to the likelihood of admission to an intensive care unit (ICU), with children four times more likely to need ICU care if their parents had voiced concerns. Read full article (Paywalled) Source: The Times, 29 May 2025
  7. Content Article
    Medication dosing errors occur frequently and contribute to preventable patient harm and negative outcomes (including numerous patient deaths each year in the US). Dosing errors are particularly common in neonatal and paediatric populations, where weight-based dosing is often required and drug formulations are commonly tailored towards adult populations.  Hospitalised neonates require frequent dosing adjustments as their weights can change substantially over the course of their hospitalization and even day to day, increasing the potential for dosing errors. Technologies such as computerised order entry, clinical decision support systems, and electronic prescribing strategies have been used to improve dosing accuracy and prevent adverse drug events with mixed results. Additionally, paediatric functionalities are often not integrated into electronic health records (EHR) or tools tailored to the adult population are incorrectly applied to paediatric patients. In this issue of Pediatric Research, Levin and colleagues compared the accuracy of three Large Language Models (LLMs) to nurses of varying clinical backgrounds and experience levels in calculating paediatric medication dosing. Although this study focused on nurses, it applies to all healthcare providers. Medication dosing errors do not occur in a vacuum and it is the responsibility of all healthcare providers (including nurses, physicians, pharmacists, technicians, etc.) to ensure that medications are given at the correct dose, route, interval, and duration.
  8. Event
    Dr Intikhab Zafarullah is a paediatric intensive care doctor in the UK, and a volunteer doctor for "Chain of Hope": Chain of Hope - Saving children’s lives: a charity for providing cardiac surgery for children in low-income settings. Register to hear more from Dr Zaf
  9. Content Article
    This blog for Health Services Safety Investigations Board (HSSIB), is authored by Saskia Fursland, Senior Safety Investigator. She talks about her visit to a newly opened paediatric ward where its design has carefully considered children and young people with mental health needs. Saskia reflects on the learning which could support other paediatric wards to improve their environments.
  10. News Article
    A senior doctor has been accused of wrongly failing to escalate the care of a 13-year-old girl whose death led to the adoption of Martha’s rule, which gives the right to a second medical opinion in hospitals. At a disciplinary tribunal in Manchester, Prof Richard Thompson was also said to have provided a colleague with “false and misleading information” about the condition of Martha Mills. Martha died on 31 August 2021 at King’s College hospital (KCH) in south London after contracting sepsis. In 2022, a coroner ruled that she would most likely have survived if doctors had identified the warning signs of her rapidly deteriorating condition and transferred her to intensive care earlier, which her parents had asked doctors to do. Thompson, a specialist in paediatric liver disease, and the on-duty consultant – although he was on call at home – on 29 August 2021, is accused by the General Medical Council (GMC) of misconduct that impairs his fitness to practise. Opening the GMC’s case at the Medical Practitioners Tribunal Service on Monday, Christopher Rose said, based on a review of the case by Dr Stephen Playfor, a medical examiner at Manchester Royal Infirmary, Thompson: Should have taken more “aggressive intervention” between noon and 1pm on 29 August, including referring Martha to the paediatric intensive care unit (PICU). Should have gone into the hospital from about 5pm to carry out an in-person assessment of a rash Martha had developed. Gave “false, outdated and misleading information” in a phone call at approximately 9.40pm to Dr Akash Deep in the PICU team. Read full story Source: The Guardian, 19 May 2025
  11. News Article
    Hospital bosses were warned about an NHS surgeon almost nine years before she was eventually suspended over botched operations on children. A joint investigation by The Sunday Times and Sky News has discovered a confidential report written for managers at Cambridge University Hospitals Trust in 2016 that identified problems with the surgical technique and practice of Kuldeep Stohr, a paediatric orthopaedic surgeon. A series of recommendations were made in the report but Stohr was allowed to continue operating. Managers at the hospital told staff the investigation into Stohr had not raised any concerns. Almost a decade on, Stohr has been suspended by the trust after a new review identified at least nine children whose care “fell below the standard” expected. The trust has begun a review of 800 other patients, including around 560 children, 140 adults and 100 emergency patients, who were operated on by Stohr. It has also commissioned an investigation into what action was taken after the 2016 report. Read full story (paywalled) Source: The Times, 10 May 2025
  12. News Article
    At least 216 children have died of influenza in the US during the last flu season in what the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) said was classified as the first high severity season overall and for all age groups since 2017-2018. That number marks the highest pediatric death toll in 15 years; the previous high reported for a regular (non-pandemic) season was 236 pediatric deaths in the 2009-2010 season, according to the CDC. More recently, 207 paediatric deaths were reported during the 2023-2024 season. The high number of paediatric fatalities reported for the past flu season comes as health authorities in New York said that 25 children in the state had succumbed to influenza-associated paediatric deaths – the highest recorded amount ever in New York. “As we begin to analyze the data from the 2024-2025 influenza season, we see this flu season was a challenging flu season for all, yet particularly for children,” said New York state’s health commissioner, Dr James McDonald. The health commissioner warned that “misinformation around vaccines has in recent years contributed to a rise in vaccine hesitancy and declining vaccination rates”. Of the 25 pediatric deaths attributed to flu, only one involved a vaccinated child and five were below six-month age minimum to receive the flu vaccine. “We live in a challenging time, where honest objective information is sometimes blurred by misinformation – therefore, it remains the department’s goal to continue to provide as much education and information as possible about flu and other vaccines that remain our best protection against many viruses and preventable diseases,” McDonald said. Read full story Source: The Guardian, 8 May 2025
  13. Content Article
    Diagnostic uncertainty was relatively common in critically ill children admitted to the paediatric intensive care unit (PICU), an AHRQ-funded study in Critical Care Medicine concluded. Diagnostic uncertainty is the subjective perception of clinicians of their inability to provide an accurate explanation of a patient’s health problem. Researchers aimed to identify the frequency and factors associated with diagnostic uncertainty among critically ill children admitted to PICU. They reviewed the medical records of 882 patients admitted to one of four PICUs. Diagnostic uncertainty at admission was observed in 228 out of 882 patients. They also found a significant association between diagnostic uncertainty and diagnostic error. Researchers highlighted the need for more research and better strategies to address diagnostic uncertainty. 
  14. Content Article
    This portal from the Royal College of Paediatric and Child Health, allows you to explore patient safety theory, learn about the NHS patient safety syllabus, share ideas for quality improvement and access summaries of the latest alerts and reports.
  15. Content Article
    Despite progress in reducing neonatal and child mortality, inequalities in access to age-appropriate medicines remain, particularly in low-income and middle-income countries. The Global Accelerator for Paediatric Formulations (GAP-f), a WHO-hosted network established in 2020, addresses these gaps by uniting 33 partners to promote innovation and access to child-friendly medicine formulations. This article describes phase 2 (2022–24) of GAP-f's work, which focused on: therapeutic areas where innovation and access efforts often did not have stakeholder alignment and coordination of designing and implementing innovative clinical trial methodology. engaging with regulators to address systemic barriers. identifying novel technologies for safe and effective delivery. collaborating across stakeholders for product roll out.
  16. Content Article
    This qualitative study looked at whether oncologists should ask children with cancer and their parents about their communication preferences before telling them about their prognosis. The results suggest that patients, parents and oncologists recommend asking patient and parent communication preferences in advance. Research participants provided advice for achieving this goal, relating to the questions that should be asked, giving multiple options and considering delivery and tone.
  17. Content Article
    Children’s health and wellbeing has seen a concerning decline in recent years, with children in the UK experiencing some of the worst health outcomes in Europe. Many lifelong health issues are established in childhood, and unless strong and meaningful action is taken to change course, the current generation of children is set to become an unhealthy generation of adults. This will have serious long-term implications for the economy, the health service and society as a whole – as well as consequences for the children themselves. Investing in the health of children and young people is an investment in the future and will provide long-term returns. Improving children’s health will take comprehensive effort across all of society. The government has committed to raising ‘the healthiest generation of children in our history’, and this briefing from the King's Fund focuses on a list of actions that the government should prioritise. The Department of Health and Social Care should: 1. Allocate a greater and more equitable share of health service funding to children in the multi-year Comprehensive Spending Review, ensuring that ICSs increase their spending on specific children’s services by a greater proportion than their overall spending. 2. Work with NHS Online and Healthier Together to improve the quality and accessibility of online health and nutrition information available to families, parents and carers. Launch a national campaign aimed at parents, caregivers and children about the importance of nutrition, how to make healthier choices, and the dangers of excess sugar, salt and ultra-processed foods. This should focus on improving children’s nutrition through clear national dietary guidelines that include examples, recipes and tips, and be relevant to all families regardless of budget, time constraints, dietary and cultural requirements. 3. Place a stronger focus on addressing the shortages in the child health workforce (including in school nurses, health visitors, midwives and consultant paediatricians), and improve staff retention across the medical, nursing and allied health professional specialist children’s workforce when reviewing the NHS Long Term Workforce Plan. 4. Set clear expectations that providers improve performance for children’s community and mental health services to ensure that no child has to wait longer than the 18-week target to receive care and treatment. 5. Implement a strategy to drive progress in reaching World Health Organization targets for childhood vaccination uptake rates, reversing the decision to remove this as a key target for 2025/26. 6. Set an expectation that every ICS strategy includes specific focus on children and young people’s health, wellbeing, and health and care services, including clear pathways to ensure that local systems are sufficiently prioritising children. The Department for Education should: 7. Accept the recommendation of the Education Committee to use the Children’s Health and Wellbeing Bill to auto-enrol all eligible children for free school meals. 8. Improve monitoring of compliance to the School Food Standards, ensuring that all school breakfast clubs and school lunches meet the standards. Cross-government departments should: 9. Develop a whole-government approach across all departments to involve and listen to children and young people in policy-making to support national prioritisation and focus on prevention. 10. Place explicit metrics for improving child health into the health mission, including improvements to health outcomes such as obesity, vaccination rates and breastfeeding rates, with explicit and adequate representation for children and a focus on listening to their voices on the Health Mission Delivery Board.
  18. News Article
    The Secretary of State, Wes Streeting, has commissioned an independent review of children’s hearing services and has appointed Dr Camilla Kingdon as its independent chair. The review will consider: the NHS England response to the service failures in paediatric audiology how the relevant governance arrangements between NHS England and the Department of Health and Social Care (DHSC) could be improved and identify lessons learned how NHS England’s handling of any future service failures in similar services could be improved and identify lessons learned. In December 2021, a report was published into service issues in paediatric audiology in NHS Lothian, which focused on whether children’s hearing tests were being conducted properly and effectively followed up. Further issues with the diagnosis of hearing issues in newborns and children were identified in other Scottish NHS trusts in 2023. Subsequent assessment of NHS audiology services in paediatric departments across England in 2023 and 2024 identified similar problems. NHS England established the Paediatric Hearing Services Improvement Programme in 2023 to address the issues and oversee remedial action. Dr Kingdon brings extensive expertise to the review. She has been a consultant neonatologist at the Evelina London Children’s Hospital for over 20 years and until March last year she was President of RCPCH. She has an MA in Medical Careers Management and was Head of the London School of Paediatrics and Child Health for 5 years from 2014. Read full story Source: Gov UK, 14 April 2025
  19. Content Article
    Dr Camilla Kingdon has been appointed by the Secretary of State to chair an independent review of children's hearing services. This document sets out the terms of reference for the independent review of children’s hearing services in England. The review will consider: NHS England’s response to the service failures in paediatric audiology how the relevant governance arrangements between NHS England and the Department of Health and Social Care could be improved and identify lessons learned how NHS England’s handling of any future service failures in similar services could be improved and identify lessons learned. Related reading on the hub: Top picks: 11 resources to support people with hearing loss or deafness
  20. News Article
    The care of hundreds of NHS patients — many of them children — is being urgently reviewed because concerns about a surgeon at one of England’s leading hospitals. She is Kuldeep Stohr, a specialist paediatric orthopaedic consultant at Cambridge University Hospitals Trust. Stohr, who spoke of seeing 200 patients a month at Addenbrooke’s Hospital during a 2022 webinar, has been suspended by the trust after an initial review in January identified nine children who had suffered care “below the standard” the trust would expect. This review was conducted by James Hunter, a surgeon and the national clinical leader for paediatric trauma and orthopaedics at NHS England, who found that the quality of some children’s lives had been affected. Now the trust has worked with Hunter to identify 800 of Stohr’s patients to be assessed by a team of experts in a new review. Of these, about 560 are children and 140 are adults. Another 100 adults and children who were treated as emergencies at the Cambridge hospital will have their care reviewed. Many of the cases involving Stohr are linked to osteotomies — a surgical procedure where a bone is cut to reshape or realign bones such as those in the legs. Some families fear the operations were not performed correctly, with some children having to have multiple operations over several years. There are concerns about poor post-surgery follow-up and alleged delays in complications being recognised and treated. Read full story (paywalled) Source: The Times, 5 April 2025
  21. Content Article
    High-quality written information for patients can improve their experience of what’s involved in a hospital visit by reducing uncertainty and anxiety. However, there may be unintended consequences of providing this information: for example patients may become concerned about things they had not previously considered. Although many hospitals recognise the need to provide information to patients who are children and their parents or carers, most locally developed leaflets have not been formally evaluated. This study involved the development of an information leaflet to give to children aimed at answering common questions they may have about going into hospital, and then evaluating the intended and unintended consequences of the distribution of the leaflet. A leaflet called “Coming to hospital: a guide to what goes on” was produced in partnership with Usborne Publishing, aimed at helping paediatric patients understand what to expect about admission to hospital and to help them feel calmer about it. It was based on an Usborne book “Look inside a Hospital” and was distributed to paediatric patients (aged 4–14) at Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust. A questionnaire was developed to assess patients’ views on the leaflet. The questionnaire used an emoji scale to determine what emotions the leaflet elicited, open-ended questions to gain more detailed responses, and a section for parents or carers to provide comments. There were 3,000 copies of the leaflet printed and distributed, and 72 children were involved in the evaluation. Parents and carers were positive about the leaflet, and particularly about the writing, illustrations and explanations. Many said they wished they had seen it before they attended hospital. Overall, the leaflet was positively received by children and parents, and was not reported to provoke anxiety or significant numbers of new questions. In response to suggestions, the word ‘patient’ was changed to personal pronouns throughout the leaflet and other helpful sections on subjects such as visiting times and parking were added. Wider availability of the leaflet to paediatric inpatient populations could make children feel calmer on admission to hospital. Further research on the effects of this leaflet in more diverse populations would be welcome, along with whether disease-specific leaflets would be beneficial. Download the leaflet
  22. News Article
    A trust has moved the care of some sick babies out of one of its neonatal units at the Care Quality Commission’s request. Leeds Teaching Hospitals Trust said babies requiring more than 24 hours of neonatal intensive or high dependency care would now be moved from St James’ University Hospital to the Leeds General Infirmary, which has a neonatal intensive care unit, or alternative hospitals. The trust confirmed this followed a request from the Care Quality Commission, which carried out unannounced inspections of its maternity and neonatal services in December and January. Previously St James’ had been providing “less complex elements of intensive care and high dependency care”, despite only having a “special care baby unit” (SCBU), which typically provides care for less seriously ill babies than a NICU. This unusual position had been agreed with the Yorkshire and Humber neonatal operational delivery unit. The trust said its neonatal doctors and nurses worked across the units in both hospitals, and were qualified and trained to treat babies requiring the highest level of care. The trust’s maternity services have recently been criticised by a group of parents, and HSJ last week highlighted how they have been rated “red” for high perinatal mortality in the national maternity services audit four times in the past seven years. Chief nurse Rabina Tindale said: “Individuals are still able to give birth at St James’ Hospital and babies will receive the appropriate level of care in our SCBU, but this [change] does mean that if babies need more than 24 hours of intensive care or high dependency care, they must be transferred to Leeds General Infirmary or another unit.” Read full story (paywalled) Source: HSJ, 1 April 2025
  23. Content Article
    More information about "World Patient Safety Day 2025"
    This year’s World Patient Safety Day on 17 September is focused on the theme “Safe care for every newborn and every child”. This article explains the aims of the event and the areas it will cover. Wednesday 17 September 2025 marks the sixth annual World Patient Safety Day. World Patient Safety Day aims to: increase public awareness and engagement enhance global understanding work towards global solidarity and action by World Health Organization (WHO) Member States to enhance patient safety and reduce patient harm. The theme of this year’s event is “Safe care for every newborn and every child”.[1] Ensuring safe care for patients is a fundamental priority, yet newborns and children remain especially vulnerable to patient safety risks. While the reported level of patient safety incidents relating to newborns and children receiving healthcare varies, studies suggest that adverse events occur across all care settings, with higher risks among critically ill children, particularly those in intensive care or requiring complex medical interventions. Some studies report rates as high as 91.6% in intensive care settings and up to 53.8% in general care settings.[2] To bring attention this critical issue, “Safe care for every newborn and every child” has been selected as the theme for World Patient Safety Day 2025, emphasising the need for stronger measures to protect children from preventable harm. The Global Patient Safety Action Plan 2021–2030 recognises paediatric and newborn safety across multiple strategic objectives, including designing safe clinical processes, strengthening health workforce competencies, engaging patients and families and establishing learning systems to prevent harm. Objectives of World Patient Safety Day 2025 Under the slogan “Patient safety from the start!”, WHO is calling for urgent action to eliminate avoidable harm in paediatric and newborn care. Addressing this challenge requires comprehensive efforts across key patient safety areas, such as safe childbirth and postnatal care, medication safety, diagnostic safety, immunisation safety, infection prevention and early recognition of clinical deterioration. World Patient Safety Day 2025 aims to drive meaningful improvements and reaffirm every child's right to safe and quality care. As part of this, it has set four objectives: Raise global awareness of safety risks in paediatric and newborn care in all health care settings, emphasising the specific needs of children, families and caregivers. Mobilise governments, health care organizations, professional bodies and civil society to implement sustainable strategies for safer care for newborns and children as part of broader patient safety and quality initiatives. Empower parents, caregivers and children in patient safety by promoting education, awareness and active participation in care. Advocate for Strengthening research on patient safety in paediatric and newborn care. Share your views and experiences on the hub Do you have experiences or views around the theme of this year’s World Patient Safety Day that you would like to share? You can share your thoughts with us by commenting below (sign up here for free first), submitting a blog, or by emailing us at [email protected]. References WHO. Announcing World Patient Safety Day 2025 – Patient safety from the start!, 18 March 2025. Dillner P, Eggenschwiler LC, Rutjes AWS, Berg L, Musy SN, Simon M et al. Incidence and characteristics of adverse events in paediatric inpatient care: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ Qual Saf. 2023;32:133–49.
  24. Content Article
    The digital world continues to evolve and is apparent in all aspects of daily life. For children and young people, their online life is as real to them as their in-person life. Health professionals urgently need to update their knowledge and awareness of the positive and negative impacts of the myriad of online content and how this is viewed and used by children and young people. Digital harm can contribute to multiple clinical presentations and paediatricians must ask about online life in consultations and be able to provide holistic digital safety advice, while recognising serious digital harm requiring safeguarding input. This article will introduce the main areas of harm and how to include assessment in routine clinical practice. It will equip paediatricians to offer advice and safeguard children and young people and offer resources and links to further learning.
  25. News Article
    Integrated care boards are warning they are failing to carry out health checks for vulnerable children in care because of a lack of paediatricians and rising demand, HSJ has found. ICBs are required to commission initial health assessments within 20 working days of a child entering care, arranged by a local authority, then a review six to 12 months later. HSJ has identified several ICBs warning they are not or may not meet the requirement – citing workforce pressures, complex cases and rising demand. Missing the checks for children in care risks harming their physical and mental health, school attainment and future wellbeing, according to paediatricians. A community paediatrician working in the South East told HSJ delayed assessments could have significant long-term impact — delaying intervention in developmental concerns, alcohol and drug use, oral health, immunisation and medications. “These children are incredibly vulnerable,” they said. “The quicker we get issues addressed, often putting them on SEN [special educational needs] or other support, the better they often do in school and in life.” Read full story (paywalled) Source: HSJ, 5 February 2025

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