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Content ArticleWhen leaving hospital with medicines, there can be a lot of information to take in. This checklist designed by the Royal College of Physicians (RCP) Quality Improvement and Patient Safety (QIPS) is designed to help patients and their carers use medications safely when they leave hospital. It includes: Questions to consider before you leave hospital Questions to consider when you’ve left hospital Further useful resources Medicines safety and governance pharmacist Jen Flatman has written a blog about how the checklist was developed.
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News Article
Health secretary sets up £500m fund to discharge medically fit NHS patients
Patient Safety Learning posted a news article in News
Ministers are setting up a £500m emergency fund to get thousands of medically fit patients out of hospital as soon as possible in an attempt to prevent the NHS becoming overwhelmed this winter. Thérèse Coffey, the new health secretary, unveiled the move in the Commons on Thursday as part of her plans to tackle the growing crisis in the health service, especially patients’ long delays for care. The newly created adult social care discharge fund is intended to relieve the pressure on overstretched hospitals in England by ensuring that patients whom doctors have judged well enough to leave can be safely discharged either to their home or into a care home. In her first speech since becoming the health secretary 16 days ago, Coffey told MPs: “I can announce today that we are launching a £500m adult social care discharge fund for this winter. “The local NHS will be working with councils with targeted plans on specific care packages to support people being either in their own home or in the wider community. This £500m acts as the downpayment in the rebalancing of funding across health and social care as we develop our longer-term plan.” Read full story Source: The Guardian, 22 September 2022 -
News Article
Adult social care in England is in crisis, say Tory council leaders
Patient Safety Learning posted a news article in News
Adult social care in England is in serious crisis, Tory council leaders have warned the government, as it faces a £3.7bn funding gap and a growing staffing shortage that has brought many local care providers to the brink of collapse. The intervention by the County Councils Network, which represents 36 mainly Tory-run authorities, comes amid widespread local government concern over the increasing fragile state of social care. Care costs have accelerated recently, fuelled by unexpected wage and energy inflation. “We face the perfect storm of staffing shortages, fewer care beds, and higher costs – all of which will impact on individuals waiting for care and discharges from hospital,” said Martin Tett, the Tory leader of Buckinghamshire county council. Cathie Williams, the chief executive of the Association of Directors of Adult Social Services, said: “Too many people are missing out on vital care and support – we estimate that over half a million people are waiting for assessments, care, or reviews. With over 165,000 staff vacancies, this is only set to get worse. ” A government spokesperson said: “The health and social care secretary is focused on delivering for patients and has set out her four priorities of A, B, C, D – reducing ambulance delays, busting the Covid backlogs, improving care, and increasing the number of doctors and dentists. Read full story Source: The Guardian, 21 September 2022 -
News Article
London hospitals set to double up patients in wards to tackle winter crisis
Patient Safety Learning posted a news article in News
NHS trusts across London are set to start moving patients from A&E onto wards “irrespective” of whether there are beds available, The Independent has learned. The new model, which involves moving patients every two hours out of A&E and onto wards called acute medical units, has prompted concerns that patients could be “double lodged” on hospital wards. The move follows the trial of a new system by North Bristol NHS Trust last month, which said it would be moving three patients every hour from A&E onto wards in a bid to address severe ambulance handover delays. On Thursday, health secretary Steve Barclay said that the “number one” priority for the NHS currently is tackling ambulance handover delays, with a “small” number of trusts accounting for half of all delays. In a memo seen by The Independent, NHS clinicians in one hospital were told that London trusts would be rolling out the North Bristol model at “pace” ahead of winter. The system involves moving one patient from A&E onto a ward every two hours “irrespective of bed availability”. Speaking to The Independent, one NHS director said the move would lead to “double lodging” patients, which means squeezing more patients into wards, and that this could be “dangerous” for patients. However, A&E doctors told The Independent that the move should be welcomed, as it spreads the crowding and risk for patients across hospital departments rather than confining it to A&E. Read full story Source: The Independent, 4 September 2022 -
News Article
Patients fit for discharge stuck in hospital for up to nine months
Patient Safety Learning posted a news article in News
Medically fit patients are waiting up to nine months to be discharged from some NHS hospitals as increasing numbers of working age people develop more complex conditions amid ongoing social care shortages, HSJ can reveal. Trust data obtained by HSJ suggests patients at the hospitals which have struggled most with delayed discharges can face delays of many months after a decision has been made that they are fit to leave hospital. HSJ obtained data from seven trusts which have consistently reported high numbers of delayed discharges through a freedom of information request. At North Bristol Trust, one patient waited more than nine months to be discharged, while another waited around eight months. David Maguire, a senior analyst at The King’s Fund think tank, said lengthy delayed discharges often involve patients with highly complex needs, elderly and frail patients, or people with mental health conditions or learning difficulties. But he said there is also a growing number of working age people with chronic and more complex conditions. He added: “There has always been a large number of older people who will access health care and hospital services. But over the last few years we have seen a growing number of working age people requiring hospital care and social care services. That’s a growing part of the demand which will flow through into who needs discharge from hospital settings. Read full story (paywalled) Source: HSJ, 31 August 2022 -
News Article
'Sticking plaster' NHS winter plan criticised for lacking workforce strategy
Patient Safety Learning posted a news article in News
Doctors and health service providers welcomed publication of an NHS strategy for managing demand ahead of another busy winter for health and social care, but said it failed to address underlying problems with the system. In a letter to the heads of NHS trusts and integrated care boards, NHS England chiefs said they had begun planning for capacity and operational resilience in urgent and emergency care ahead of "significant challenges" during the coming months. The British Medical Association (BMA) said the strategy was a "step in the right direction", but "lacks detail", while the Royal College of Emergency Medicine (RCEM) said it amounted to little more than "a crisis mitigation plan". The package of measures included creating the equivalent of 7000 extra general and acute beds through a mix of new physical beds, scaling up 'virtual' beds, and "improvements in discharge and flow". The letter acknowledged that there was "a significant number of patients spending longer in hospital than they need to" and that whilst "the provision of social care falls outside of the NHS’s remit, the health service must ensure patients not requiring onwards care are discharged as soon as they are ready and can access services they may need following a hospital stay." Read full story Source: Medscape, 15 August 2022 -
Content ArticleThis article published by The Conversation looks at the pressures faced by ambulance services and emergency departments across Australia as a result of Covid-19. There has been an increase in 'ramping', where ambulances queue up outside hospitals. Ramping is a sign that the whole health system is under immense pressure. The article looks at the large amounts of funding Australian local governments are putting into ambulance services and emergency departments (EDs), but highlight that this will not solve the issues face by the health system if issues discharging patients into community and social care remain. It highlights a model developed in Leeds, UK, that has been adopted by the health service in Victoria, Australia, focused on solving more systemic issues. The Leeds model aims to improve patient flow in and out of the hospital and ensure that patients are quickly transferred from ambulances into EDs. Discharge coordinators organise the care patients need in the community after an ED or hospital stay. The authors also look at the role of community paramedics in keeping patients out of hospital and their potential to reduce financial and capacity pressure on health systems worldwide.
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News Article
Norfolk and Norwich Hospital unable to discharge 180 patients
Patient Safety Learning posted a news article in News
A senior hospital nurse said she could not discharge 180 patients due to a lack of "care and support" at home. Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital said among the people that did not need to be in hospital was a patient who had been there for 145 days. Claire Fare, senior discharge matron, said delays "impact on the whole of the flow" of patients. Norfolk County Council's social care department blamed the "national care crisis" for the problems. In June, the hospital, which has about 1,200 beds, pleaded for family and friends to help look after fit patients to ease demand. Melanie Syson, the hospital's discharge coordinator, said there was a person in the hospital ready for discharge that had been there for more than four months. "She is medically fit to be discharged but we are waiting for support to be ready at home," she said. Ms Syson added: "The length of stay of the patients seems to be getting longer." To help cope with the delays, the hospital opened a "home-first unit" in January for patients who did not need acute care but it was unable to discharge. The unit focuses on rehabilitation to try to prevent the patients coming back into hospital or requiring more care at home. Stephanie Ward, the ward sister, said it aimed to "give patients the time they need to do things themselves as much as they can". Read full story Source: BBC News, 15 July 2022 -
News Article
Rehab services ‘very bizarre’ in some places, says NHSE director
Patient Safety Learning posted a news article in News
NHS England’s director of community health has said a new strategy for rehabilitation care is needed, because present coverage is sometimes ‘bizarre’, with other services ‘masquerading’ as rehab. Matthew Winn, who is also Cambridgeshire Community Services Trust CEO and senior responsible officer of the “ageing well” programme in the NHS long-term plan, made the comments in a webinar for local senior clinicians and managers in the sector. He said there was an intention to roll out a national “intermediate care strategy”, describing it as “the essence” of providing rehabilitation and helping hospital patients to “optimise, to recover, to rehab through a skilled multiprofessional team”. They would leave hospital in a “timely pathway” and not need as much social care support afterwards. It comes amid huge pressure to speed up hospital discharge, which often relies on rehab services. Read full story (paywalled) Source: HSJ, 14 July 2022 -
News Article
Hospital turns away patients as heatwave forces critical incident
Patient Safety Learning posted a news article in News
Patients may be turned away at A&E in Portsmouth as the UK’s heatwave drives extreme hospital pressures. Staffing pressures coupled with additional strain from the current heatwave have forced Portsmouth Hospitals University Foundation Trust to declare a critical incident. The trust said it only had space in its emergency department for patients with life-threatening illnesses and critical conditions and so would be forced to redirect other patients elsewhere. In a statement, Portsmouth Hospitals University FT said: “Our emergency department remains full with patients and we have very limited space to treat emergency patients. We are only able to treat patients with life-threatening conditions and injuries, so anyone patients who arrive at ED without a life-threatening condition or injury, will be redirected to alternative services that can help... “Our immediate priority is to ensure there are beds available to admit our most seriously ill patients into and we are focusing on safely discharging as many patients as possible. We ask that families and loved ones support us with this and collect patients as soon as they are ready to be discharged.” Read full story Source: The Independent, 11 July 2022 -
News Article
NHSE sets trusts ‘100-day challenge’ to reduce delayed discharges
Patient Safety Learning posted a news article in News
NHS England has set trusts and systems a ‘100-day challenge’ to discharge more patients from hospital and free up beds before winter. David Sloman, chief operating officer of NHSE, has asked leaders of integrated care boards, acute and community trusts in a letter sent last week to adopt 10 “best practice initiatives” which he said “can make a significant difference in facilitating discharge and improving care for patients”. Trusts and systems have been given until 30 September to have a “full understanding” of the initiatives (listed below) and “infrastructure in place” to implement them. The initiatives include setting expected dates of discharge for patients within 48 hours of admission, “apply seven-day working” to discharge more patients at weekends, treat delayed discharge as “a potential harm event” and to manage workforces in community and social care services “to better match predicted patterns in demand”. Sir David has told regional and local leaders that a dedicated national NHSE team will set up “launch meetings” in each system, which will ensure there is “a focus on improving processes and performance around discharge”. Read full story (paywalled) Source: HSJ, 5 July 2022 -
Content ArticleThe Quality Network for Inpatient Working Age Mental Health Services (QNWA) based within the Royal College of Psychiatrists' Centre for Quality Improvement are pleased to announce the publication of their 8th edition standards. Since the publication of the first edition standards in 2006, the Network has grown to include over 140 members from the NHS and private sector. This new edition of standards aims to reflect the changes in working practices and legislation over the last two years in addition to placing greater emphasis on equality, diversity and inclusion as well as sustainability in inpatient mental health services. The eighth edition standards have been drawn from key documents and expert consensus and have been subject to extensive consultation with professional groups involved in the provision of inpatient mental health services, and with people and carers who have used services in the past.
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Content ArticleMedicines reconciliation is the process of accurately listing a person’s medicines. This could be when they're admitted into a service or when their treatment changes.
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News Article
NHS England reviewing bed capacity
Patient Safety Learning posted a news article in News
The NHS has a low bed base, and NHS England is reviewing ‘how we right-size our capacity’ across hospital, community and ‘virtual’ services, Amanda Pritchard has said. The NHSE chief executive addressed the annual NHS Confederation this week and said: “The NHS has long had one of the lowest bed bases among comparable health systems. And in many respects this reflects on our efficiency and our drives to deliver better care in the community. “But it was true before the pandemic, and it remains true now that we have passed the point at which that efficiency actually becomes inefficient. “So the point has come where we need to review how we right-size our capacity across the NHS. That will of course look at the whole picture of hospital, community and virtual capacity.” Ms Pritchard also highlighted the current pressures on the emergency care system, which has widely been linked to slow discharges from hospital and insufficient social care provision. She cited the “unacceptable rise in 12-hour waits for admission from [accident and emergency]” which “underlines that the issue is flow”, and said “we know we will need to make more progress before winter”. Read full story (paywalled) Source: HSJ, 15 June 2022 -
Content ArticleThis Healthcare Safety Investigation Branch (HSIB) investigation explores issues around patient handover to emergency care. Patients who wait in ambulances at an emergency department are at potential risk of coming to harm due to deterioration or not being able to access timely and appropriate treatment. HSIB has published an interim report outlining early investigation findings, and recommends a national response to tackle this urgent issue. Findings so far emphasise that an effective response should consider the interactions of the whole system: an end-to-end approach that does not just focus on one area of healthcare and prioritises patient safety. For its reference case, the investigation looks at the case of a patient who was found unconscious at home and taken to hospital by ambulance. The patient was then held in the ambulance at the emergency department for 3 hours and 20 minutes, and during this wait their condition did not improve. They were taken directly to the intensive care unit where they remained for nine days before being transferred to a specialist centre for further treatment.
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News Article
‘Impossible’ to improve delayed discharges as picture worsens
Patient Safety Learning posted a news article in News
The number of patients stuck in hospitals despite being ‘medically fit’ to leave has continued to increase in recent months, leading to warnings from NHS Confederation that trusts are finding it ‘impossible’ to make progress on reducing the numbers. Official statistics for April suggest an average of 12,589 patients per day in NHS hospitals in England – 13% of all occupied beds – did not meet the “criteria to reside”. At 31 trusts, the proportion was 20% or more. NHS England has since told local leaders to make reducing the numbers of delayed discharges an operational priority. The issue is a key factor behind the long waits in emergency care, as ward beds are taking longer to become available to accident and emergency patients. Rory Deighton, acute lead at NHS Confederation, said targets to reduce delayed discharges “will not be met” unless the government “invests in domiciliary care wages,” amid high numbers of vacancies in the social care sector. Read full story (paywalled) Source: HSJ, 1 June 2022 -
EventUnsafe medication practices and medication errors are a leading cause of injury and avoidable harm in health care systems across the world. WHO Patient Safety Flagship has initiated a series of monthly webinars on the topic of “WHO Global Patient Safety Challenge: Medication Without Harm”,. The main objective of the webinar series is support implementation of this WHO Global Patient Safety Challenge: Medication Without Harm at the country level. Considering the huge burden of medication-related harm, Medication Safety has also been selected as the theme for World Patient Safety Day 2022. With each transition of care (as patients move between health providers and settings), patients are vulnerable to changes, including changes in their healthcare team, health status, and medications. Discrepancies and miscommunication are common and lead to serious medication errors, especially during hospital admission and discharge. Countries and organizations need to optimise patient safety as patients navigate the healthcare system by setting long-term leadership commitment, defining goals to improve medication safety at transition points of care, developing a strategic plan with short- and long-term objectives, and establishing structures to ensure goals are achieved. At this webinar, you will be introduced to the WHO technical report on “Medication Safety in Transitions of Care,” including the key strategies for improving medication safety during transitions of care. Register
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News Article
Death toll of autism and learning disability patients revealed
Patient Safety Learning posted a news article in News
Fourteen patients with autism or learning disabilities have died since 2015 while detained in psychiatric facilities in Scotland, figures reveal. The statistics were released for the first time by Public Health Scotland (PHS) following a parliamentary question by Scottish Conservative MSP Alexander Burnett, who has campaigned to end the “national scandal” of otherwise healthy people being locked up for months or years due to a lack of community-based support. The PHS report does not detail the causes of death, but does show that seven of the deaths occurred in patients who had been resident at an inpatient psychiatric facility for between 91 and 365 days, with six (43%) in patients whose stay had exceeded at least one year. Rob Holland, acting director of the National Autistic Society Scotland, said the data was a “step forward in understanding the experience of autistic people and people with a learning disability within inpatient psychiatric facilities”. He added: “While it does not shine a light on the reasons for the deaths it does highlight how almost all of those that died had been within institutional care for more than 30 days with 6 people having been there for more than a year. “Hospitals are not homes and it adds further impetus to the Scottish Government’s ‘Coming Home’ strategy to reduce delayed discharge and support people to live in homes of their own choosing.” Read full story Source: The Herald, 18 May 2022 -
Content ArticleEvery year, thousands of emergency department (ED) visits result in patients being discharged with oral antibiotic prescriptions. Published studies that assess the appropriateness of these antibiotic regimens are limited. The purpose of this study from Bauman et al. was to examine the appropriateness of antibiotic prescriptions written for patients discharged from a community hospital’s ED. A total of 76% of the prescribed antibiotics were appropriate, 16% were inappropriate, and the remaining 8% were not assessable. Duration was the most common reason for a regimen to not be optimal. The most frequently inappropriately prescribed antibiotics included cephalexin (but it is noted cephalexin was included in almost half of the antibiotic regimens in this study), clindamycin, and azithromycin. Infections that were most frequently treated inappropriately were skin and soft tissue infections, dental infections, and sinusitis.
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News Article
Nearly half of trust’s beds filled by patients fit to be discharged
Patient Safety Learning posted a news article in News
A chief executive has described her ‘considerable regret’ that growing difficulty in discharging patients has resulted in nearly half of her trust’s inpatients being clinically ready to leave. Debbie Richards, who leads Cornwall Partnership Foundation Trust, a community and mental health provider, highlighted the issue at the trust’s board meeting last month, amid a “dearth of adult social care provision” across the country. In her update to the board, Ms Richards said delays in finding onward care for patients awaiting discharge meant “almost 50 per cent of our community hospital beds are occupied by patients who have no medical need to be in hospital”. In her report to the board, Ms Richards said: “Despite having over 5,000 care home beds in Cornwall, the majority of these are full, or care home providers are unable to offer beds because of a lack of staffing. “Where there is capacity, this tends to be for lower-level residential beds where unfortunately there is much less demand.” Siobhan Melia, chair of the NHS Community Network and CEO of Sussex Community FT, said the “dearth of adult social care provision” was the biggest limiting factor in discharging delayed patients home, followed by high staff vacancies and sickness absence." She called for a national long-term funding settlement for social care and reform of the sector to address the key challenges. Read full story (paywalled) Source: HSJ, 10 May 2022 -
News Article
Covid: Discharging hospital patients to care homes 'unlawful'
Patient Safety Learning posted a news article in News
Government policies on discharging untested patients from hospital to care homes in England at the start of the Covid pandemic have been ruled unlawful by the High Court. The ruling comes after two women took former Health Secretary Matt Hancock and Public Health England to court. Dr Cathy Gardner and Fay Harris said it had caused a "shocking death toll". Prime Minister Boris Johnson renewed his apologies for all those who lost loved ones during the pandemic. Dr Gardner and Ms Harris partially succeeded in claims against Mr Hancock and Public Health England. The women claimed key policies of discharging patients from hospitals into care homes were implemented with no testing and no suitable isolation arrangements in the homes. A barrister representing Dr Gardner and Ms Harris told the court at a hearing in March that more than 20,000 elderly or disabled care home residents died from Covid between March and June 2020 in England and Wales. Jason Coppel QC also said in a written case outline for the judicial review that the care home population was known to be "uniquely vulnerable" to Covid. "The government's failure to protect it, and positive steps taken by the government which introduced Covid-19 infection into care homes, represent one of the most egregious and devastating policy failures in the modern era," he added. Read full story Source: BBC News, 27 April 2022 -
Content ArticleThis analysis in the Financial Times highlights that in early April 2022, the number of vacant NHS hospital beds in England was 5.4%, the lowest figure since the start of the Covid-19 pandemic. The joint pressures of dealing with the backlog of elective care and ongoing high rates of Covid-19 infections are leaving the health service dangerously close to capacity. The authors highlight that this is likely to cause longer waits in accident and emergency and the potential for patients to be sent to wards that cannot effectively cater for their needs.
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Content ArticleOut-of-hours discharge from the intensive care unit (ICU) to the ward is associated with increased in-hospital mortality and ICU readmission. This study in the journal Critical Care Medicine was part of the REcovery FoLlowing intensive CarE Treatment mixed methods study. It aimed to map the discharge process and describe the consequences of out-of-hours discharge to inform practice changes to reduce the impact of discharge at night. The study identified significant limitations in out-of-hours care provision following overnight discharge from ICU. The authors recommend changes to help make daytime discharge more likely, and new systems to ensure patient safety where night time discharge is unavoidable.
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Content ArticleThis long read by the Health Foundation examines the challenges of discharging people from hospital, and looks at 'discharge to assess' (D2A) an approach to reducing the incidence of delayed discharge. It outlines priorities for policymakers and the NHS and suggests next steps for managing hospital discharge.
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News Article
Discharge policy reviewed as NHSE warns ‘capacity may decrease’
Patient Safety Learning posted a news article in News
Two national reviews are taking place into hospital discharge policy, it has emerged, amid major changes to funding and legislation. One review, led by the Department of Health and Social Care, is developing discharge policy for once the Health and Care Bill comes into force; and a second is reviewing the “clinical criteria to reside”. Delayed discharge has been a major problem in the acute and emergency care system this winter, with the number of long-staying patients significantly up on previous years. It has been blamed for long patient waits for ambulances, to get into emergency departments, and to be admitted; and for interrupting elective care recovery. An NHSE letter confirmed that the government’s national “discharge taskforce” was developing “best practice in improving discharge processes and addressing barriers to timely discharge”, in preparation for the new system. It went on: “This includes improving hospital processes to support discharge; minimising delays in the transfer of care from an acute hospital on to follow-up care services; minimising long lengths of stay in rehabilitation at home or in bedded care and ensuring social care services are available at the right time for people with ongoing care requirements. Further resources and support will be shared as learning from these systems becomes clear.” Read full story (paywalled) Source: HSJ, 28 March 2022
