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Showing results for tags 'Human error'.
Found 272 results
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Content ArticleDo you ever see someone trapped into making a human error? Bad human engineering caused an error likely situation. Perhaps there was a precursor to the error – somethings that could be recognised?
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Content ArticlePresentation slides for topic 5 of the WHO Multi-professional Patient Safety Curriculum Guide. The learning objective from this topic is to understand the nature of error and how healthcare providers can learn from errors to improve patient safety.
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The human error trap (7 June 2017)
Patient Safety Learning posted an article in Error traps
Phillip Ragain, director of training and human performance at The RAD Group, explains why it wrong to focus on human error when an incidence occurs. A majority of incident investigations correctly identify employees who made mistakes or deviated from policies and procedures, but this distracts from other causal factors and preclude better corrective actions. In his blog, Philip discusses how leaders can avoid the human error trap. -
Content ArticleEffective teamwork is critical to successful outcomes in pediatric cardiac surgery. Unfortunately, lapses in professional performance and conduct by those who treat paediatric cardiac patients pose threats to quality and safety. One hallmark of a profession is self regulation. Therefore, healthcare leaders need specific means for identifying and addressing those lapses and indicators of unsafe systems or individuals. This article from Pichert et al. describes an initial “near miss” event involving a paediatric cardiac surgeon. While fictional, the case represents a composite of events involving several paediatric cardiac surgeons who practice at different medical centers throughout the US.
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Content ArticleThis blog discusses how competition can help drive improvement up to a point, but after which it may perpetuate unnecessary harm. It gives examples of where competition can become unhealthy. A more constructive approach requires collaboration focusing on patients to ensure they receive the best possible care.
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Content ArticleRob Hackett, Patient Safe Network, in the video below discusses the danger of Indistinct chlorhexidine which can easily be mistaken for other colourless solutions. He highlights the story of Grace Wang, who in 2010 had antiseptic solution injected into her epidural. She nearly died and was left paralysed. Indistinct chlorhexidine was mistaken for saline. The investigation recommended all skin antiseptic solutions to be coloured in a way that distinguished them. Sadly this recommendation isn't followed. Accidental chlorhexidine injections continue to occur and there are many more examples. This same error continues to play out again and again throughout the world. There’s no need for these indistinct solutions and safer distinct versions and those enclosed in swab sticks are already in use in many hospitals without problem and at no extra cost.
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Content ArticleThis blog from the PatientSafe Network discusses cognitive dissonance. Cognitive dissonance — the pain of accepting ego-dystonic facts — mitigates against an open, rational aggressive cycle of process improvement. Unfortunately the hierarchical structures in healthcare mean we are likely to suffer from this. Those further up, best positioned to bring about positive change, are the most likely to suffer cognitive dissonance.
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Content ArticleHow many times have you tried to plug a USB in the wrong way round? Since both sides are usually similar on the outside, chances are that you have tried to force a USB in upside down at least once. The consequences of this mistake are usually negligible, but in healthcare, poor design can have serious repercussions. We all know how to plug in a flash drive, so why do we still slip up? Usually, it’s because we are concentrating on something more important. Imagine the same happening in a busy emergency unit where healthcare providers are carrying out life-saving procedures. They’re short on time and working under pressure. One of the paramedics is trying to resuscitate a patient who just went into cardiac arrest — he charges the defibrillator, presses “on”, but instead of shocking, the device switches off, causing the team to waste precious time. What went wrong? And how could the same issue be prevented in the future? Neil Ballinger, head of EMEA at manufacturing parts supplier EU Automation, explains the role of human factors engineering in optimising medical devices.
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Content ArticleThis document from the Patient Safety Authority outlines final recommendations to acute care facilities in the USA regarding patient weights. The Patient Safety Authority is responsible for submitting recommendations to the Department of Health (Department) in the US for changes in health care practices and procedures which may be instituted for the purpose of reducing the number and severity of serious events and incidents.
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Content ArticleThe United States is one of only three countries in the world that does not use the metric system. Yet, every single medication prescribed today is based on it. In addition to dosages based on the metric system, some doses are also very dependent on patient weight. These include blood thinners, certain antibiotics, chemotherapy agents, and many pediatric doses. The very young, very old, and people with certain medical conditions are at the highest risk of experiencing harm because their bodies are more sensitive to the effects of an error. Calculations made with incorrect weights can have devastating, if not fatal, consequences. Further reading Patient Safety Authority Department of Health: Final recommendation to ensure accurate patient weights
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Content ArticleIn Part 8 of the 'Why investigate' blog series, Martin Langham takes a look at the hub's error trap gallery and explains why when we conclude it's an error trap we are missing the bigger picture.
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Content ArticleIt has been estimated that, on average, a serious mistake in medication administration occurs once in every 133 anaesthetic medications. Anaesthetic medications often have a narrow therapeutic window, raising the potential for adverse outcomes including harmful physiological disturbances, awareness, anaphylaxis and even death. Marshall and Chrimes in this editorial examine the causes of the medication‐handling problem and discuss solutions that address the human factors considerations.
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Content ArticleA conversation with John Wilkes (AstraZeneca), Clifford Berry (Takeda), Amy D. Wilson, Ph.D. (Biogen), and Jim Morris (NSF Health Sciences). This article is the second part of a two-part roundtable Q&A on the topic of human performance in pharmaceutical operations. Part 1 evaluated the underpinnings of human performance and provided advice to those individuals managing rapid production scale-up to support COVID-19 production demand. Here in Part 2, human performance in the context of investigation and CAPA programmes is considered.
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Content ArticleWrong-site surgery (WSS) is a well-known type of medical error that may cause a high degree of patient harm. In Pennsylvania, healthcare facilities are mandated to report WSS events, among other patient safety concerns, to the Pennsylvania Patient Safety Reporting System (PA-PSRS) database.
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Content ArticleThreat and Error Management (TEM) is an overarching safety concept regarding aviation operations and human performance. TEM is not a revolutionary concept, but one that has evolved gradually, as a consequence of the constant drive to improve the margins of safety in aviation operations through the practical integration of Human Factors knowledge. TEM was developed as a product of collective aviation industry experience. Such experience fostered the recognition that past studies and, most importantly, operational consideration of human performance in aviation had largely overlooked the most important factor influencing human performance in dynamic work environments: the interaction between people and the operational context (i.e., organisational, regulatory and environmental factors) within which people discharged their operational duties. This article gives the background to TEM, components of the TEM Framework, related articles and further reading.
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Patient Safety Authority: Wrong-site surgery
Patient Safety Learning posted an article in Surgery
Analysis of wrong-site surgery events in Pennsylvania suggests opportunities for prevention. Many steps of preparing the patient for an operation and performing an operation can lead down the path of wrong-site surgery. Preventing wrong-site surgery may require attention at every step of the process. The Patient Safety Authority has provided resources, guidelines and education tools. -
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Error traps: Let’s raise awareness
Patient Safety Learning posted an article in Error traps
An error trap is a situation that could lead into avoidable harm if not mitigated. It is a situation where the circumstances in combination with human cognitive limitations make errors more likely.[1] Error traps can be found throughout health and social care in medicines, equipment and devices, in documentation, and in many other areas we see every day while going about our daily jobs in health and social care. We want to raise awareness of these error traps on the hub but more importantly we want to hear your suggestions of what needs to be done to prevent them and examples of where action has been take and worked. View our error trap gallery and share your examples.- Posted
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Content ArticleUsing a dextrose-containing solution, instead of normal saline, to maintain the patency of an arterial cannula results in the admixture of glucose in line samples. This can misguide the clinician down an inappropriate treatment pathway for hyperglycaemia. Patel et al., following a near-miss and subsequent educational and training efforts at their institution, they conducted two simulations: (1) to observe whether 20 staff would identify a 5% dextrose/0.9% saline flush solution as the cause for a patient’s refractory hyperglycaemia, and (2) to compare different arterial line sampling techniques for glucose contamination. They found only 2/20 participants identified the incorrect dextrose-containing flush solution, with the remainder choosing to escalate insulin therapy to levels likely to risk fatality, and (2) glucose contamination occurred regardless of sampling technique. Despite national guidance and local educational efforts, this is still an under-recognised error. Operator-focussed preventative strategies have not been effective and an engineered solution is needed.
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Content ArticleArterial lines are routinely fitted for severely ill patients in critical care and are flushed with a solution to maintain patency, and ensure that blood does not clot in the line. Saline is recommended as the flush solution for arterial lines. There are several examples of glucose solutions being inadvertently and incorrectly used to flush arterial lines. This has lead to inaccuracies in blood glucose measurements, which resulted in unnecessary administration of insulin and subsequent cases of hypoglycaemia, some of which have been fatal.
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Content ArticleIn 2008, the UK National Patient Safety Agency (NPSA) made recommendations for safe arterial line management. Following a patient safety incident in their intensive care unit (ICU), Leslie et al. surveyed current practice in arterial line management and determined whether these recommendations had been adopted. They contacted all 241 adult ICUs in the UK; 228 (94.6%) completed the survey. Some NPSA recommendations have been widely implemented – use of sodium chloride 0.9% as flush fluid, two‐person checking of fluids before use – and their practice was consistent. Others have been incompletely implemented and many areas of practice (prescription of fluids, two‐person checking at shift changes, use of opaque pressure bags, arterial sampling technique) were highly variable. More importantly, the use of the wrong fluid as an arterial flush was reported by 30% of respondents for ICU practice, and a further 30% for practice elsewhere in the hospital. This survey provides evidence of continuing risk to patients.
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Content ArticleSusan Warby, 57, was mistakenly given a glucose rather than a saline drip at West Suffolk Hospital after an operation for a perforated bowel in July 2018. Staff noticed a rise in blood sugar concentrations but gave her insulin to lower them rather than check the drip, which remained in place for 36 hours. In 2008 the National Patient Safety Agency made recommendations for safe arterial line management. In 2014 the Association of Anaesthetists published guidelines aimed specifically at preventing such events. Structured processes to prevent inadvertent use of a glucose-containing fluid to flush an arterial line and regular blood glucose sampling from a location other than the arterial line are only partial solutions. However, a survey of management of arterial lines undertaken in 2013 indicated that this was a common problem, that many of the NPSA recommendations were not widely implemented and that almost one third of respondents were aware of ‘wrong flush’ errors on their unit and a further third in other locations within their hospital. In this Rapid Response in the BMJ, Tim Cook says now is the time for patient representatives, clinicians, regulators and industry to work together to achieve widespread implementation of an engineered solution to prevent arterial line errors.
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Content ArticleIn 2008, the National Patient Safety Agency (NPSA) issued a Rapid Response Report concerning problems with infusions and sampling from arterial lines. The risk of blood sample contamination from glucose‐containing arterial line infusions was highlighted and changes in arterial line management were recommended. Despite this guidance, errors with arterial line infusions remain common. Gupta and Cook report a case of severe hypoglycaemia and neuroglycopenia caused by glucose contamination of arterial line blood samples. This case occurred despite the implementation of the practice changes recommended in the 2008 NPSA alert. They report an analysis of the factors contributing to this incident using the Yorkshire Contributory Factors Framework. They discuss the nature of the errors that occurred and list the consequent changes in practice implemented in their unit to prevent recurrence of this incident, which go well beyond those recommended by the NPSA in 2008.
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Content ArticleSince January 2019, the Health Information and Quality Authority (HIQA) has been the competent authority for regulating medical exposure to ionising radiation in Ireland and receives incident notifications of significant events arising from accidental or unintended medical exposures. As part of its role, HIQA is responsible for sharing lessons learned from significant events. HIQA has published an overview report on the lessons learned from notifications of significant incident events in Ireland arising from accidental or unintended medical exposures in 2019. This report provides an overview of the findings from these notifications and aims to share learnings from the investigations of these incidents.
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Medical error prevention (5 May 2020)
Sam posted an article in Good practice
Medical errors are a serious public health problem and a leading cause of death in the United States. It is a difficult problem as it is challenging to uncover a consistent cause of errors and, even if found, to provide a consistent viable solution that minimises the chances of a recurrent event. By recognising untoward events occur, learning from them, and working toward preventing them, patient safety can be improved. Part of the solution is to maintain a culture that works toward recognising safety challenges and implementing viable solutions rather than harboring a culture of blame, shame, and punishment. Healthcare organisations need to establish a culture of safety that focuses on system improvement by viewing medical errors as challenges that must be overcome. All individuals on the healthcare team must play a role in making the provision of healthcare safer for patients and healthcare workers. -
Content ArticleIn the area of patient safety, recent attention has focused on diagnostic error. The reduction of diagnostic error is an important goal because of its associated morbidity and potential preventability. A critical subset of diagnostic errors arises through cognitive errors, especially those associated with failures in perception, failed heuristics, and biases; collectively, these have been referred to as cognitive dispositions to respond (CDRs). The author of this paper, published by Academic Medicine, provides an extensive list of CDRs and a list of strategies to reduce diagnostic errors.
