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Showing results for tags 'Medicine - Cardiology'.
Found 127 results
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Content ArticleThis systematic review in JAMA Network Open explored how much shared decision-making (SDM) is used in interventions aimed at improving cardiovascular risk management, and how it affects decisional outcomes, cardiovascular risk factors and health behaviours. The review looked at 57 randomised clinical trials that included 88,578 patients on SDM interventions for cardiovascular risk management and 1341 clinicians, SDM interventions were associated with a slight decrease in decisional conflict and an improvement in haemoglobin A1c levels.
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Content ArticleThis study in Surgery aimed to evaluate the association between trauma team function and cardiac arrest in hypotensive trauma patients. Trauma video review was used to collect data from resuscitations of adult hypotensive trauma patients at 19 centres, and 430 patients were included in the study. The results show that better team function is independently associated with a decreased probability of cardiac arrest in trauma patients presenting with hypotension. The authors suggest that trauma team training may improve outcomes in peri-arrest patients.
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Content ArticleProgress on cardiovascular disease (CVD) was a significant driver of better population health and greater prosperity in the latter half of the 20th century. However, progress has recently stalled, with indications it may be in reverse. This may be due to policy choices made in the last 15 years, particularly since the global financial crisis, above and beyond the more recent impact of the Covid-19 pandemic. This report by Chris Thomas from the Institute for Public Policy Research (IPPR) shows, among other findings, that people are more likely to leave work due to a heart condition than any other health issue.
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Content ArticleMore than 3 years after the onset of the Covid-19 global pandemic, a wave of evidence suggests that severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection can lead to postacute sequelae in pulmonary and broad array of extrapulmonary organ systems—including increased risks and burdens of cardiovascular disorders, neurologic and mental health disorders, metabolic disorders (diabetes and dyslipidemia), kidney disorders and gastrointestinal disorders. However, up until now, evidence is mostly limited to the first year postinfection. Bowe et al. built a cohort of 138,818 individuals with SARS-CoV-2 infection and 5,985,227 noninfected control group from the US Department of Veterans Affairs and followed them for 2 years to estimate the risks of death and 80 prespecified postacute sequelae of Covid-19 (PASC) according to care setting during the acute phase of infection. They found that the increased risk of death was not significant beyond 6 months after infection among nonhospitalised but remained significantly elevated through the 2 years in hospitalised individuals. Within the 80 prespecified sequelae, 69% and 35% of them became not significant at 2 years after infection among nonhospitalised and hospitalised individuals, respectively. In summary, while risks of many sequelae declined 2 years after infection, the substantial cumulative burden of health loss due to PASC calls for attention to the care needs of people with long-term health effects due to SARS-CoV-2 infection.
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News Article
Millions urged to get free NHS check for ‘silent killer’
Patient Safety Learning posted a news article in News
Millions of people are being urged to get checks for a condition which has been described as the “silent killer”. If left untreated, high blood pressure can lead to heart attacks, strokes, kidney disease and vascular dementia. Up to 4.2 million people in England are thought to be living with high blood pressure without knowing it – around a third of all those with the condition. Now, a new NHS Get Your Blood Pressure Checked campaign has been launched, backed by health charities, to warn people the condition often has no symptoms. England’s chief medical officer, Professor Sir Chris Whitty, said: “High blood pressure usually has no symptoms but can lead to serious health consequences. “The only way to know if you have high blood pressure is to get a simple, non-invasive blood pressure test. “Even if you are diagnosed, the good news is that it’s usually easily treatable. “Getting your blood pressure checked at a local pharmacy is free, quick and you don’t even need an appointment, so please go for a check today – it could save your life.” Read full story Source: The Independent, 11 March 2024 -
Content ArticleAdverse safety events (ASE) are common in paediatric out-of-hospital cardiac arrests (OHCA). This retrospective chart review study sought to estimate the prevalence of adverse safety events in children under age 18 experiencing OHCA. The researchers found that 60% of those children experienced at least one severe ASE, with the highest odds of ASE occurring when the OHCA was birth-related.
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Content ArticleMost research examining the association between blood pressure and cardiovascular disease (CVD) is does not take sex into account. This research study aimed assess sex-specific associations between blood pressure and CVD mortality.by estimating sex-stratified, multivariable-adjusted incidence rate ratios (IRRs) for CVD mortality. The authors found that the association between blood pressure and CVD mortality differed by sex, with increased CVD mortality risk present at lower levels of systolic blood pressure among women, compared with men.
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News Article
UK records highest annual cardiovascular deaths since 2008
Patient Safety Learning posted a news article in News
The rate at which people are dying early from heart and circulatory diseases has risen to its highest level in more than a decade, figures show. Data analysed by the British Heart Foundation (BHF) shows a reverse of previous falling trends when it comes to people dying from heart problems before the age of 75 in England. Since 2020, the premature death rate for cardiovascular disease has risen year-on-year, with the latest figures for 2022 showing it reached 80 per 100,000 people in England in 2022 – the highest rate since 2011 when it was 83. This is the first time there has been a clear reversal in the trend for almost 60 years. Between 2012 and 2019 progress slowed and, from 2020, premature death rates began to clearly rise, the data reveals. Dr Sonya Babu-Narayan, associate medical director at the BHF and a consultant cardiologist, said: “We’re in the grip of the worst heart care crisis in living memory. “Every part of the system providing heart care is damaged, from prevention, diagnosis, treatment, and recovery; to crucial research that could give us faster and better treatments. “This is happening at a time when more people are getting sicker and need the NHS more than ever. “I find it tragic that we’ve lost hard-won progress to reduce early death from cardiovascular disease.” Read full story Source: Medscape, 22 January 2024 -
Content ArticleAndrew Guillaume was admitted to Warwick Hospital on the 6 June 2023. Following a review, it was agreed that the likely diagnosis was severe aortic stenosis requiring an urgent Consultant to Consultant referral to University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire (UHCW) cardiology team. However, no referral was made as the Consultant was unable to get through to the switchboard at UHCW, so Mr Guillaume remained at Warwick Hospital. Subsequently his condition worsened and on the 16 June 2023 a plan was made to update the cardiothoracic surgery team at UHCW to expedite his surgery, but again they were unable to reach the team through the switchboard. Mr Guillaume was admitted to the unit on 19 June 2023, but sadly died on 20 June 2023 due to a further sudden deterioration in his condition.
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Content ArticleThe EvidenceNOW: Advancing Heart Health in Primary Care trial was designed to assist primary care practices in the US in implementing evidence-based practices in cardiovascular care and building capacity for quality improvement. This qualitative study in BMC Primary Care aimed to gain a comprehensive understanding of perspectives from research participants and team members on the value of implementation strategies and factors that influenced the EvidenceNOW initiative in Virginia. Read a simplified research summary: Strategies for implementing large-scale quality improvement in primary care
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Content ArticleTwo reproductive health conditions common in women, polycystic ovary syndrome and dysmenorrhea, are each associated with increasing cardiovascular disease risk, according to two preliminary studies presented at the American Heart Association’s Scientific Sessions 2023.
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Content ArticleA survey, carried out by The Aortic Dissection Charitable Trust, assessed how Acute Aortic Syndrome is managed across NHS trusts in Great Britain, revealing some significant areas for improvement. The survey showed that the majority of NHS trusts have established policies for managing patients with chest pain, a common symptom of AAS. This demonstrates a good degree of preparedness in identifying and treating cardiovascular issues. However, the survey also found that only about half of the trusts have dedicated teaching on AAS for emergency department staff. Furthermore, there’s a lack of uniform policy for the recognition and treatment of AAS specifically. This absence of standardised guidelines and insufficient educational focus could lead to delays in diagnosis and treatment, potentially affecting patient outcomes. Find out more via the link below.
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News ArticleA 25-year-old who died from a heart haemorrhage after being diagnosed with a panic attack had been seen by a non-medical school trained physician associate (PA) but not a doctor, it has emerged. Ben Peters, 25, attended the emergency department at Manchester Royal Infirmary on the morning of 11 Nov 2022 with chest pain, arm ache, a sore throat and shortness of breath. While waiting, he endured a “severe episode of vomiting”. Peters was diagnosed with a panic attack and gastric inflammation by the PA and sent home with two medications, after a supervising consultant, who the coroner found never reviewed the patient in person, agreed with the diagnosis. Less than 24 hours later, Peters died from a rare complication of the heart that had resulted in a tear of the heart’s major artery, known as aortic dissection, and led to a fatal haemorrhage. The Aortic Dissection Charitable Trust (TADCT) says around 2,000 people in Britain die from the condition each year, which can be “reliably diagnosed or excluded” using a CT scan, but “misdiagnosis affects one-third of patients”. A prevention of future deaths notice issued by Chris Morris, the area coroner for Greater Manchester South, written to Manchester University Foundation Trust, said: “It is a matter of concern that despite the patient’s reported symptoms, in view of his age and extensive family history of cardiac problems, Mr Peters was discharged from the Ambulatory Care Unit without being examined or reviewed in person by a doctor." Read full story Source: The Telegraph, 21 October 2023
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Content ArticleThe Covid-19 pandemic had an adverse impact on the detection and management of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors including hypertension. In June 2022, nearly two million fewer people with hypertension were recorded as being treated to target, compared with the previous year. As a result, NHS England commissioned the AHSN Network to deliver a new national Blood Pressure Optimisation (BPO) programme building on its portfolio of work around cardiovascular disease. This report lays out: evidence about the impact of the BPO programme how it has been received by frontline staff how it has been implemented nationally.
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News Article
Women at greater risk of heart attack death due to medical sexism
Patient Safety Learning posted a news article in News
Women are a third less likely to receive lifesaving treatment for heart attacks due to sexism in medicine, research shows. Research led by the University of Leeds and the British Heart Foundation (BHF) pooled NHS data from previous studies looking at common heart conditions over the past two decades. It investigated how care varied according to age and sex, finding that women were significantly less likely to receive treatment for heart attacks and heart failure. Following the most severe type of heart attack — a Stemi — women were one third less likely to receive a potentially lifesaving diagnostic procedure called a coronary angiogram. Women were significantly more likely to die after being admitted to hospital with a severe heart attack. They were also less likely to be prescribed preventative drugs that can help to protect against future heart attacks, such as statins or beta-blockers. Dr Sonya Babu-Narayan, associate medical director at the BHF and a consultant cardiologist said: “This review adds to existing evidence showing that the odds are stacked against women when it comes to their heart care. Deep-rooted inequalities mean women are underdiagnosed, undertreated, and underserved by today’s healthcare system." “The underrepresentation of women in research could jeopardise the effectiveness of new tests and treatment, posing a threat to women’s health in the long-term,” she added. Read full story (paywalled) Source: The Times, 5 October 2023 -
Content ArticleAortic valve replacement (AVR) is a life-saving procedure for symptomatic severe aortic stenosis (AS), which relieves symptoms, increases life expectancy and improves quality of life. Little is known about the rate of AVR provision by gender, race or social deprivation level in the NHS across England. However, a large analysis examining AVR on the health service in England – the first of its kind – reveals striking inequalities in its provision. Women, black and Asian people, and those living in the poorest parts of the country are much less likely to receive the life-saving procedure, the study shows. “In this large, national dataset, female gender, black or south Asian ethnicities and high deprivation were associated with significantly reduced odds of receiving AVR in England,” the authors wrote. Dr Clare Appleby, a consultant cardiologist at the Liverpool Heart and Chest hospital NHS foundation trust and an author of the study, said public health initiatives to understand and tackle these inequalities should be prioritised. “Severe symptomatic aortic stenosis is a serious disease that causes mortality and reduces quality of life for patients,” she said. “Left untreated it has a worse prognosis than many common metastatic cancers, with average survival being 50% at two years, and around 20% at five years.” Further research and public health initiatives to understand and address inequalities in the timely provision of AVR are important and should be prioritised in England.
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News Article
Strikes now endangering heart and cancer patients, NHSE warns BMA
Patient Safety Learning posted a news article in News
The impact of successive doctors’ strikes is now ‘causing significant disruption and risk to patients’, including to those needing urgent heart and cancer treatment, NHS England leaders have told the BMA in their strongest warnings yet. A letter to the union’s council chair on Tuesday evening, leaked to HSJ, said: “We are increasingly concerned that the cumulative impact of this action is causing significant disruption and risk to patients… “We are extremely concerned that Christmas Day cover is insufficient to ensure appropriate levels of patient safety are being maintained across local health systems. This is particularly the case in the current period of industrial action, with three consecutive Christmas Day levels of service.” Although Christmas Day includes cover for emergency care, the officials said that in practice – with demand above Christmas Day levels, and with successive days and repeated strikes – it was not protecting patients needing urgent care. The letter, signed by NHSE leaders including chief medical officer Sir Steve Powis, and chief nurse Dame Ruth May, goes on: “Secondly, we are becoming increasingly concerned that combined periods of industrial action are impacting on our ability to manage individuals who require time-sensitive urgent treatment, for example cardiac, cancer or cardiovascular patients, or women needing urgent caesarean sections.” Read full story (paywalled) Source: HSJ, 3 October 2023 -
News Article
A public defibrillator may be a mile away in deprived areas
Patient-Safety-Learning posted a news article in News
In the most deprived areas of England and Scotland, the nearest 24/7 accessible defibrillator is on average a round trip of 1.8 km away—over a mile—according to a pioneering study supported by the British Heart Foundation (BHF). The researchers, led by Dr Chris Wilkinson, senior lecturer in cardiology at Hull York Medical School, used data from national defibrillator network The Circuit to calculate the median road distance to a defibrillator with unrestricted public access across Great Britain's 1.7 million postcodes. Among the 78,425 defibrillator locations included, the median distance from the centre of a postcode to a 24/7 public access defibrillator was 726.1 metres – 0.45 miles. In England and Scotland, the more deprived an area was, the farther its average distance from a 24/7-accessible defibrillator – on average 99 metres more in England, and 317 metres farther in Scotland for people living in the most compared with the least deprived areas. There was no link between defibrillator location and deprivation in Wales. The researchers said they hoped the findings, presented at the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) Congress in Amsterdam and published in the journal Heart, would lead to more equal access to defibrillators. They noted that there were over 30,000 out-of-hospital cardiac arrests (OHCA) annually in the UK; in England nearly 30% happened at weekends, and 40% between 6pm and 6am. Read full story Read research study: Automated external defibrillator location and socioeconomic deprivation in Great Britain (28 August 2023) Source: Medscape, 29 August 2023 -
Content ArticleThis study in the Journal of Medical Virology aimed to assess the extent and the disparity in excess acute myocardial infarction (AMI)-associated mortality during the pandemic, focusing on the outbreak of the Omicron strain. Using data from the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's (CDC's) National Vital Statistics System, the authors found that excess death, defined as the difference between the observed and the predicted mortality rates, was most pronounced for the 25–44 years age group. Excess deaths ranged from 23%–34% for the youngest compared to 13%–18% for the oldest age groups. The trend of mortality suggests that age and sex disparities have persisted even through the Omicron surge, with excess AMI-associated mortality being most pronounced in younger-aged adults.
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News Article
GPs given freedom to order heart checks direct
Patient Safety Learning posted a news article in News
GP practices in England will be able to order a host of checks directly to help speed up the diagnosis of a range of heart and respiratory conditions. Traditionally GPs refer to specialists when conditions like heart failure and lung problems are suspected. But the ability to direct refer, which was rolled out for cancer last year, is now being extended. GPs welcomed the move, but questioned whether there was sufficient testing capacity to cope. Royal College of GPs chair Prof Kamila Hawthorne said: "Any initiative to accelerate the process by which patients can be diagnosed and begin to receive any necessary treatment should be seen as positive." She said GPs had "long been calling" for better access to diagnostic tests. But she added: "For this initiative to be successful, it is vital that diagnostic capacity - both in terms of testing and people to conduct and interpret tests - is sufficient." Read full story Source: BBC News, 3 August 2023 -
Content ArticleThe Department of Health and Social Care is seeking views and ideas on how to prevent, diagnose, treat and manage the six major groups of health conditions that most affect the population in England. These are: cancers cardiovascular disease, including stroke and diabetes chronic respiratory diseases dementia mental ill health musculoskeletal disorders The views and ideas gathered will inform the priorities and actions in the major conditions strategy. The consultation will close at 11:59pm on 27 June 2023.
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Content Article
Planning pregnancy with aortic disease (leaflet)
Patient_Safety_Learning posted an article in Maternity
Pregnancy in women with aortic disease can be high risk. However, the risk can be reduced with the right care and planning. This leaflet developed by Aortic Dissection Awareness UK & Ireland, provides advice and guidance for women with aortic disease who are planning on having a baby. -
News Article
Artificial intelligence could ‘transform’ heart attack diagnosis, scientists say
Patient Safety Learning posted a news article in News
Artificial intelligence (AI) could be “transformational” in improving heart attack diagnosis to reduce pressure on emergency departments, a new study suggests. Doctors could soon use an algorithm developed using AI to diagnose heart attacks with better speed and accuracy than ever before, the research from the University of Edinburgh indicates. It could also help tackle dangerous inequalities in diagnosing the condition, scientists suggest. Researchers found that, compared to current testing methods, the algorithm called CoDE-ACS was able to rule out a heart attack in more than double the number of patients, with an accuracy of 99.6%. Nicholas Mills, British Heart Foundation (BHF) professor of cardiology at the Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, who led the research, said: “For patients with acute chest pain due to a heart attack, early diagnosis and treatment saves lives. “Unfortunately, many conditions cause these common symptoms, and the diagnosis is not always straight forward. “Harnessing data and artificial intelligence to support clinical decisions has enormous potential to improve care for patients and efficiency in our busy emergency departments.” Read full story Source: The Independent, 11 May 2023 -
Content ArticleThe CVDPREVENT Audit has published its third annual audit report covering the audit period up to March 2022. The report provides insight into the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on primary care services, when diagnosis and management of hypertension were significantly disrupted. It also compares the national position against key ambitions identified as milestones for the prevention of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and the detection and management of atrial fibrillation, blood pressure and cholesterol. It also includes findings relating to diagnoses of chronic kidney disease and diabetes, lifestyle and health inequalities, as well as a number of recommendations to support the prevention of cardiovascular disease.
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EventuntilCardiovascular disease (CVD) is one of the leading causes of morbidity, disability and mortality in England and a significant driver of health inequalities. It disproportionately affects people in deprived and ethnic minority communities and accounts for one-fifth of the gap in life expectancy between most and least deprived areas. The King’s Fund report, Cardiovascular disease in England, highlights the need to prevent and manage CVD. CVD accounts for one in four of all deaths in England. The yearly health care costs related to CVD are estimated at £7.4 billion with an annual cost to the wider economy of £15.8 billion. At a time when the NHS and social care workforce and finances are facing unprecedented and rising pressures, urgent comprehensive action across the public health, health and care sectors is needed to significantly reduce the adverse health impacts of CVD and associated workloads and costs. Leaders and experts from across the NHS and its partners will gather to discuss how best to prioritise and deliver services to reduce the prevalence of CVD and its risk factors across the population, and to improve early detection, management and treatment of CVD and its risk factors. Register
