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In the UK, around 20,000 children are admitted to intensive care each year. Most will receive oxygen through a ventilator. Many hospitals aim to give almost as much oxygen as people’s blood can carry (more than 94% saturation). However, some studies suggest that this could be harmful for some children. Providing less oxygen (88 to 92% of the blood’s capacity) may be better. A groundbreaking nurse-led NIHR trial explored the oxygen levels of critically ill children in intensive care. The study found that with reduced oxygen targets children spent less time on life-saving machines and required fewer drugs. The researchers say that with reduced oxygen targets: 50 more children would survive in the UK each year the NHS could save £20 million per year. The findings suggest that, if oxygen targets for children in intensive care were reduced across the NHS, 50 more children would survive every year. In total, children would spend 6,000 fewer days in intensive care. Lower oxygen targets could be particularly beneficial in countries where resources are scarce, the researchers say, or at times of crisis (such as during a pandemic).- Posted
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Between 2009 and 2010, 48 year-old David Richards was admitted to intensive care during the ‘swine flu pandemic’. He spent six weeks in an intensive care unit (ICU), first on mechanical ventilation and later receiving extra-corporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) treatment. He recovered and became a survivor of severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). During his 50 days in intensive care, David's former partner Rose kept an ‘ICU diary’. Rose recorded clinical updates as well as conversations with relatives and staff who were by David's bedside. In this article, David describes how important this diary has been to him understanding and processing his experience. It forms a record not just of procedures, treatments and clinical signs but of how he reacted, how he appeared to feel and how he tried to communicate during a time that were permeated by delirium.- Posted
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Event
untilThis Webinar hosted by Hamilton Medical, will focus on the clinical use of intelligent ventilation software. Agenda Intro from Chair Luigi Camporata Presentation from Prof. Giorgio A. Iotti : “ The birth and growth of the visionary idea” Presentation from Laura Buiteman-Kruizinga: “Lung protective ventilation in the time of COVID-19” Followed by a Q&A Register for the webinar- Posted
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untilThis webinar, moderated by Dr Charlotte Tai, will discuss the lessons learnt and advances in practice in diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of Ventilator-associated Pneumonia. Speakers: The role of the oral cavity and the endotracheal tube in the aetiology of VAP Dr Matt Wise, Consultant Adult Critical Care, University Hospital of Wales Relationship between VAP and mortality Professor Saad Nseir, Professor of Critical Care at the Medical School of Lille, France Ventilator-associated pneumonia in critically ill patients with COVID-19 Dr Andrew Conway Morris, Honorary Consultant in Intensive Care Medicine, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust Panellists: Dr Mark Blunt, Lead Critical Care Consultant, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Kings Lynn Helen Hughes, Chief Executive, Patient Safety Learning Register -
News Article
Covid: Lack of ventilator supplies 'hit' disabled people
Patient Safety Learning posted a news article in News
Some disabled people in the UK have been struggling to obtain essentials such as medication and breathing equipment during the Covid pandemic, research for the BBC suggests. Some 60% of those who rely on social care told a YouGov survey they were finding it hard to obtain at least one of their necessities. Charity WellChild said people felt more "forgotten than they ever have been". But ministers say the needs of disabled people were being considered. The Department of Health and Social Care says it has sufficient stocks and patients should contact their local care provider. Like one in 20 of those survey respondents who receive social care, Fi Anderson, a mother of two with muscular dystrophy from Bolton in Greater Manchester, said she has faced problems obtaining breathing apparatus. Her local hospital told her to re-use the filter for her portable ventilator, recommending she boil it, because supplies were so short. Disabled people who rely on social care - which funds equipment and other support to allow them to live independent lives - also said they had struggled to obtain personal protective equipment (PPE) such as face masks. Many of them receive funding directly to employ carers in their home, so they also need to provide them with PPE during the coronavirus crisis. The survey, which the BBC commissioned to mark the 25th anniversary of the Disability Discrimination Act, asked more than 1,000 people about life in the UK with a disability and how it has changed in the shadow of a pandemic. More than 65% felt their rights had regressed, and 71% said disabled people's needs had been overlooked. The Coronavirus Act, which granted the government emergency powers, gave local councils the ability to reduce care, education and mental health provision for disabled people if it became necessary during the pandemic. According to the latest figures from the Office for National Statistics, nearly six out of 10 deaths from COVID-19 were of disabled people. Read full story Source: BBC News, -
News Article
The most comprehensive picture so far of how covid’s second wave has hit the NHS in the north of England is revealed in new figures obtained by HSJ. The latest data confirms that parts of the North West region now have more coronavirus patients in hospital beds than they did in the spring. It comes amid intense public debate about the best way to fight covid, and whether or not it is close to swamping the NHS. Collected from local NHS sources in a joint HSJ and Independent investigation, the information shows for example that: Lancashire and South Cumbria had 544 confirmed covid hospital patients yesterday (around 15-18% of the bed base), about 20 more than during the April peak. Liverpool University Hospitals – which remains the most severely affected trust – had 408 confirmed covid patients yesterday (20-25% of bed base), whereas it never topped 400 in the spring. The data is sent routinely by trusts to NHS England but most of it is not published – something some politicians are now calling for. As of yesterday, there were nearly 6,100 confirmed-covid patients across England, about 650 of whom were in critical care, and 560 receiving mechanical ventilation, according to information shared with HSJ. The number of “unoccupied” hospital beds is much lower now than in the spring, when they were cleared out in anticipation of a major hit. In the North West, up to 5,500 acute beds were reported as “unoccupied” in the spring, whereas the figure now is about 2,500 (around 14-18% of the bed base). However, critical care is the major pinch point in the most affected areas, with nearly half of the mechanical ventilation beds open at Liverpool’s hospitals (29 of 62) occupied by confirmed covid patients; and a third of those across the North West (178 of 556). However, hospitals in the area have opened very few extra critical care “surge” beds so far. The total numbers of mechanical ventilation (a subset of critical care) beds open in LUH and the rest of the region has not increased much in recent weeks, and falls well short of what they have declared they could open as potential surge capacity, if they cancelled large amounts of non-urgent care and reorganised staffing and wards. Read full story Source: HSJ, 23 October 2020- Posted
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Covid ICU survivor: 'I have come out the other end'
Patient Safety Learning posted a news article in News
Covid survivor Tam McCue is one of the lucky ones. Earlier in the year he was in intensive care in the Royal Alexandra Hospital in Paisley where he had been on a ventilator for nearly two weeks. At one point Mr McCue, who could barely speak, didn't think he would live. Fast forward five months and Mr McCue, of Barrhead, East Renfrewshire, is back from the brink. He became desperately ill but, thankfully, it only went as far as his lungs. With coronavirus some patients have have suffered multiple organ failure which also affected their heart, kidneys, brain and gut. Mr McCue describes his recovery as a "rollercoaster". He added: "It's a slow process. You think you can do things then the tiredness and fatigue sets in." He said: "It lies in the back of your mind. As years go on, how are you going to be? Is it going to get you again? It does play on you. It definitely does." As part of his recovery Mr McCue is attending the Ins:pire clinic online. It is normally a face-to-face rehabilitation clinic which involves multiple specialties, including pharmacists, physiotherapists and psychologists. Mr McCue is one of the first Covid survivors to take part in the five-week programme, which started earlier this month. Read full story Source: BBC Scotland News, 29 September 2020 -
News Article
Hospitals have been warned hundreds of ventilators used to keep sedated patients alive are at risk of suddenly shutting down because of a fault, in some cases without warning. The Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency, which said there were approximately 303 Philips Respironics V60 ventilators used in the UK, has warned hospitals over a delay in replacement parts arriving in the UK to fix the problem. It has issued a safety alert to hospitals to make them aware of the increased risk. The regulator said it had received one report of a ventilator suddenly shutting down but said there was no report of any injury to patients. Read full story Source: The Independent, 23 September 2020- Posted
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The lungs and hearts of patients damaged by the coronavirus improve over time, a study has shown. Researchers in Austria recruited coronavirus patients who had been admitted to hospital. The patients were scheduled to return for evaluation 6, 12 and 24 weeks after being discharged, in what is said to be the first prospective follow-up of people infected with COVID-19, which will be presented at today's European Respiratory Society International Congress. Clinical examinations, laboratory tests, analysis of the amounts of oxygen and carbon dioxide in arterial blood, and lung function tests were carried out during these visits. At the time of their first visit, more than half of the patients had at least one persistent symptom, predominantly breathlessness and coughing, and CT scans still showed lung damage in 88% of patients. But by the time of their next visit, 12 weeks after discharge, the symptoms had improved, and lung damage was reduced to 56%. Dr Sabina Sahanic, a clinical PhD student at the University Clinic in Innsbruck and part of the team that carried out the study, said: "The bad news is that people show lung impairment from COVID-19 weeks after discharge; the good news is that the impairment tends to ameliorate over time, which suggests the lungs have a mechanism for repairing themselves." A separate presentation to the congress said that the sooner COVID-19 patients started a pulmonary rehabilitation programme after coming off ventilators, the better and faster their recovery. Yara Al Chikhanie, a PhD student at the Dieulefit Sante clinic for pulmonary rehabilitation and the Hp2 Lab at the Grenoble Alps University in France, used a walking test to evaluate the weekly progress of 19 patients who had spent an average of three weeks in intensive care and two weeks in a pulmonary ward before being transferred to a clinic for pulmonary rehabilitation. She said: "The most important finding was that patients who were admitted to pulmonary rehabilitation shortly after leaving intensive care progressed faster than those who spent a longer period in the pulmonary ward where they remained inactive. The sooner rehabilitation started and the longer it lasted, the faster and better was the improvement in patients' walking and breathing capacities and muscle gain." Read full story Source: The Independent, 7 September 2020 -
News Article
Covid death rates dropped as doctors rejected ventilators
Patient Safety Learning posted a news article in News
Death rates among seriously ill COVID-19 patients dropped sharply as doctors rejected the use of mechanical ventilators, analysis has found. The chances of dying in an intensive care unit (ICU) went from 43% before the pandemic peaked to 34% in the period after. In a report, the Intensive Care National Audit & Research Centre said that no new drugs nor changes to clinical guidelines were introduced in that period that could account for the improvement. However, the use of mechanical ventilators fell dramatically. Before the peak in admissions on 1 April, 75.9% of COVID-19 patients were intubated within 24 hours of getting to an ICU, a proportion which fell to 44.1% after the peak. Meanwhile, the proportion of ICU patients put on a ventilator at any point dropped 22 percentage points to 61% either side of the peak. Researchers suggested this could have been a result of “informal learning” among networks of doctors that patients on ventilators were faring worse than expected. Read full story Source: The Telegraph, 3 September 2020 -
News Article
NASA and other innovators work to redesign ventilators for COVID-19 patients
Patient Safety Learning posted a news article in News
NASA scientists as well as other innovators are busy developing alternatives to the traditional ventilator being used worldwide to treat severe cases of COVID-19. The movement is in response to growing evidence that in some cases ventilators can cause more harm than good in some patients with low oxygen levels. Statistics tell the story: 80% of patients with the coronavirus die on such machines. Its VITAL machine is tailored for COVID-19 patients and is focused on providing air delicately to stiff lungs — a hallmark symptom of the virus. Eight U.S. manufacturers have been selected to make the ventilator that was made in 37 days by engineers at NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Read full story Source: CNBC, 30 May 2020 Read f- Posted
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A recording of the recent webinar, moderated by Dr Charlotte Tai, discussing the lessons learnt and advances in practice in diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of ventilator-associated pneumonia. This is available for everyone to watch but you will need to provide an email address to request access.- Posted
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The coronavirus has a high incidence of patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS). Many patients infected with COVID-19 need to be admitted to the ICU for invasive ventilation. They are also at a high risk of developing secondary, ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP).- Posted
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The primary objective of this multicenter, observational, retrospective study from Giacobbe et al. was to assess the incidence rate of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients in intensive care units (ICU). The secondary objective was to assess predictors of 30-day case-fatality of VAP.- Posted
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Duncan L Wyncoll and Peter J Young discuss 'Treating the symptom not the cause' of ventilator associated pneumonia.- Posted
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The PneuX System is a novel endotracheal tube and tracheal seal monitor, which has been designed to minimise the aspiration of oropharyngeal secretions. Doyle et al. aimed to determine the incidence of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) in patients who were intubated with the PneuX System and to establish whether intermittent subglottic secretion drainage could be performed reliably and safely using the PneuX System.- Posted
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This document highlights practical recommendations in a concise format to assist acute care hospitals in implementing and prioritising strategies to prevent ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) and other ventilator-associated events (VAEs) and to improve outcomes for mechanically ventilated adults, children, and neonates.- Posted
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The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) provide answers to FAQs about ventilator-associated pneumonia.- Posted
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Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) continues to be a clinically important hospital-acquired infection. In this paper, Marin H. Kollef discusses the financial impact.- Posted
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Healthcare associated infections (HAI), such as ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP), are the most common and most preventable complication of a patient’s hospital stay. Their frequency and potential adverse effects increase in critically ill patients because of impaired physiology, including a blunted immune response and multi-organ dysfunction. Traditionally, VAP rates have been measured as an indicator of quality of care. Despite recent initiatives to measure complications of mechanical ventilation and a decrease in incidence over the past few years, VAP remains an issue for critically ill adults, with mortality estimated as high as 10%. This article from Boltey et al. reviews the top five evidence-based nursing practices for reducing VAP risk in critically ill adults.- Posted
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Ventilator-associated pneumonia is an important healthcare-associated infection. Interventions for the prevention of ventilator-associated pneumonia are often used within bundles of care. Recent evidence has challenged widespread practices mandating a review of subject. This article outlines guidance for ventilator-associated pneumonia prevention.- Posted
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- Ventilators
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Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in ventilated critically ill patients. Muscedere et al. systematically searched for all relevant randomised, controlled trials and systematic reviews on the topic of prevention of VAP in adults that were published from 1980 to 1 October 2006. in order to develop evidence-based guidelines for the prevention of VAP.- Posted
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News Article
Hundreds of ventilators the UK government bought from China to relieve a major shortage are the wrong type and could kill patients, senior doctors have warned in a newly uncovered letter. The medical staff behind the letter say the devices were designed for use in ambulances rather than hospitals, had an "unreliable" oxygen supply and were of "basic" quality. Seen by Sky News' partner organisation NBC, the document also claims the ventilators cannot be cleaned properly, are an unfamiliar design and come with a confusing instruction manual. Cabinet Office minister Michael Gove triumphantly announced the arrival of "300 ventilators from China" to help treat COVID-19 patients on 4 April. But the letter of warning from doctors was issued just nine days later. "We believe that if used, significant patient harm, including death, is likely," it says. Read full story Source: Sky News, 30 April 2020- Posted
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‘Exceptionally urgent’ to secure kit used to treat critically ill covid patients
Patient Safety Learning posted a news article in News
The availability of dialysis equipment used to treat more than a quarter of ventilated COVID-19 patients has reached “critical” levels, HSJ has learned. Concerns are growing over an “exceptional shortage” of specialist dialysis machines used to treat intensive care patients with acute kidney failure. Although hospitals are able to deploy alternative machines which are not typically used in intensive care, this is logistically challenging and can carry increased risks for patients. Read full story Source: HSJ, 22 April 2020- Posted
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COVID-19: increasing demand for dialysis sparks fears of supply shortage
Patient Safety Learning posted a news article in News
More than a quarter of patients with COVID-19 on ventilators also need renal support in the form of dialysis, raising concerns that there could be significant supply problems as countries attempt to stock up on the required fluid and plastic consumables. Nephrology consultant Graham Lipkin told The BMJ, “This is an under-recognised challenge. While the original focus has been on whether we have enough ventilators and intensive care beds, it has become apparent that there is a high incidence of acute kidney injury (AKI) requiring some form of renal replacement therapy (RRT) through dialysis. With the volume of people coming into intensive care, there are increasing challenges to capacity across the system.” Lipkin, who is president of the Renal Association, has been working with NHS England to develop new clinical guidelines for the prevention and optimal management of AKI in hospital. The guidance aims to reduce the incidence of AKI and therefore the demand for dialysis. Read full story Source: BMJ, 21 April 2020- Posted
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