Summary
Patient engagement improves patient, organisation and health system outcomes, but most research is based on primary care. The primary purpose of this study was to describe the characteristics of published research that evaluated patient engagement in hospital health service improvement.
Content
Results
While most studies examined involvement in standing committees or projects, patient input and influence on decisions were minimal. Lack of skill and negative beliefs among providers were patient engagement barriers.
Patient engagement facilitators included:
- careful selection and joint training of patients and providers
- formalising patient roles
- informal interaction to build trust
- involving patients early in projects
- small team size
- frequent meetings
- active solicitation of patient input in meetings
- debriefing after meetings.
Asking patients to provide insight into problems rather than solutions and deploying provider champions may enhance patient influence on hospital services.
Conclusions
Given the important role of patient engagement in improving hospital services, future research should develop and evaluate behavioural interventions for patient engagement directed at patients and providers informed by the barriers and facilitators identified here. Future studies should also assess the impact on various individual and organisational outcomes.
Further research is needed to:
- elaborate on patient engagement activities suitable for consultation, involvement and partnership
- test behavioural interventions for patient engagement directed at patients and providers informed by the barriers and facilitators identified
- demonstrate the impact of patient engagement.
This would identify types of patient engagement activities and supportive conditions that should be prioritised by hospitals.
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