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Patient Safety Learning

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  1. Patient Safety Learning
    Half of UK adults with a possible cancer symptom do not contact their GP within six months, despite spotting changes to their body, research suggests.
    A YouGov poll of 2,468 people for Cancer Research UK found that just 48% of those who had experienced a red flag symptom – including coughing up blood, unexplained weight loss and a new or unusual lump – contacted their GP within half a year.
    Not telling a doctor about unusual health changes or possible cancer symptoms reduces the chances of an early cancer diagnosis, leading to potentially devastating outcomes.
    Cancer Research UK’s chief executive Michelle Mitchell said: “Spotting cancer early is vital if more people are to survive, and the first step in that process is getting help for a possible cancer symptom.
    “It’s really worrying to see such a large gap in accessing services between the UK’s most and least deprived groups.
    “Earlier this year, the Government announced among its top priorities were improving early diagnosis of cancer and tackling health disparities.
    “Cancer must remain a top priority and with the upcoming Health Disparities White Paper and 10-Year Plan for England, the new Health and Social Care Secretary has a huge opportunity to transform cancer survival with a clear and strong plan that works for all.”
    Read full story
    Source: The Independent, 10 August 2022
  3. Patient Safety Learning
    A trust which rented 1,100 lone worker alarms has found just four were in use after a year.
    Sussex Partnership Foundation Trust rented the system for five years, with the contract starting in early 2021. But a year later only 51 of the units were assigned to a user, and just four were being used.
    Most of the users had not completed their training and 19 had not even logged into the system to set up a profile, according to an annual health and safety report covering 2021-22.
    The health and safety report said: “Unfortunately the system has yet to demonstrate value for money as the uptake within services across the trust is very poor, despite the extensive work by the health and safety team to encourage uptake.” This had included demonstrating the system at multiple meetings and trying to raise awareness.
    A spokesperson from Sussex Partnership Foundation Trust said: “The lone worker system is one of the ways we ensure the safety of our staff who work alone. It has taken time to embed the new system due to the changes in working practices during the pandemic. However, in recent months we have seen the number of staff actively using the system increasing."
    “There is more we are doing to ensure wider take-up and implementation, through a programme of engagement and training.”
    Read full story (paywalled)
    Source: HSJ, 9 August 2022
  4. Patient Safety Learning
    Action rather than reports is needed to tackle healthcare inequalities faced by black people in Birmingham, a charity says.
    It follows a report which found people from black communities continued to face racism and discrimination when accessing treatment.
    The city's director of public health said he was "horrified" by the finding. Dr Justin Varney said the system must be adapted to meet the needs of all.
    Charity The First Class Foundation wants to see implementation of changes and says among the healthcare problems in need of tackling are "microaggressions" faced by communities.
    The publication of the Birmingham and Lewisham African Health Inequalities Review followed an 18-month study commissioned by the areas' local authorities.
    It found disadvantages among the communities in housing, pollution and availability of green space had "all contributed to worse health".
    The report additionally highlighted how the communities were "exposed to structural racism and discrimination which leads to... chronic stress and trauma".
    Read full story
    Source: BBC News, 10 August 2022
  5. Patient Safety Learning
    The medical body at Norfolk and Suffolk Foundation Trust has written to the trust’s chair saying that it is unable to provide safe care and expressing a lack of confidence in the board.
    The letter, which has been seen by HSJ, is signed by 140 of doctors at the mental health provider. It claims the trust’s “clinical services are unable to provide good basic care and are unsafe”.
    Significant criticism is reserved for the trust’s senior management, with the letter stating “there is a general dysfunction with perpetual changes of key staff in executive posts and ever increasing layers of management” and that “major decisions are frequently made by a handful of people at an executive level without clinical consultation”.
    The letter continues: “Doctors are by and large used as clinical workhorses. Many carrying huge workloads and holding unacceptable clinical risks”.
    The letter, first revealed by BBC Look East, asks for an urgent meeting with the chair and states that the medical body “lacks confidence in the executive board to resolve the plight of NSFT”.
    Read full story (paywalled)
    Source: HSJ, 10 August 2022
  6. Patient Safety Learning
    A health official in New York State has told the BBC there could be hundreds or even thousands of undiagnosed cases of polio there.
    It follows an announcement last month that an unvaccinated man had been paralysed by the virus in Rockland County, New York. His case has been linked genetically to traces of polio virus found in sewage in London and Jerusalem.
    Developed countries have been warned to boost vaccination rates.
    Dr Patricia Schnabel Ruppert, health commissioner for Rockland County, said she was worried about polio circulating in her state undetected.
    "There isn't just one case of polio if you see a paralytic case. The incidence of paralytic polio is less than 1%," she said.
    "Most cases are asymptomatic or mildly symptomatic, and those symptoms are often missed. So there are hundreds, perhaps even thousands of cases that have occurred in order for us to see a paralytic case."
    "This is a very serious issue for our global world - it's not just about New York. We all need to make sure all our populations are properly vaccinated," she said.
    Read full story
    Source: BBC News, 9 August 2022
  7. Patient Safety Learning
    Patients at trusts with long waiting lists should no longer think ‘they have to go to their local hospital’ for outpatient appointments, but should instead be offered virtual consultations elsewhere in the country where there is greater capacity, Sir Jim Mackey has told HSJ.
    The NHS England elective chief said recent efforts to abolish two-year waiters by July had meant a “very big” surgical focus. However, the next phase of the elective recovery plan would see a major shift of emphasis onto reducing the wait for outpatient appointments.
    Sir Jim said: “Providers have been split into tiers again with tier one having national oversight and tier two, regional oversight. Behind that we will be pairing up organisations so that organisations with capacity can help those with the biggest challenges from a virtual outpatient perspective.
    He added: “There still is a lot to work through [on virtual outpatients], we’re going to be testing the concept… We need to work through how all the wiring and plumbing needs to work. For example, what happens if the patient needs a diagnostic locally, having seen a clinician virtually in another part of the country?
    “It would be great also to try and stimulate more of a consumer drive on this – encouraging patients to ask about virtual outpatients when the waits locally may be too long, so they don’t just think they have to go to their local hospital. I think this could really help shift the model if we can get it right.”
    Read full story (paywalled)
    Source: HSJ, 9 August 2022
     
  8. Patient Safety Learning
    Specialist nurses at an NHS hospital have been told they may be taken off clinical shifts to help clean wards, it has emerged.
    Bedfordshire Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust has said it asked nursing staff to help clean wards as the hospital faced the “most challenging circumstances” it has ever faced.
    Clinical specialist nurses, who are advanced nurses and can usually have hundreds of patients under their care, were among those asked to spend entire shifts helping other wards “cleaning”, “tidying” and “decluttering”.
    The news has prompted criticism from unions, however, multiple nurses have reported that the requests happen “often” during winter.
    Alison Leary professor of healthcare and workforce at South Bank University warned that asking specialist nurses to drop their work was “very risky”.
    She said: “This problem keeps cropping up-as soon as there is pressure on wards they are expected to abandon their patients. It usually happens in winter and so it’s concerning that it has now started to happen in summer.
    “This also shows very little respect for nursing generally and will not help retention. Trusts need to plan workforces accordingly and should ensure they have the right amount of cleaning, administrative and housekeeping staff-all staff groups which contribute to patient safety and care quality."
    Read full story
    Source: The Independent, 8 August 2022
  9. Patient Safety Learning
    NHS patients will wait longer for routine checks as part of a national drive to clear record backlogs.
    Health officials have instructed hospitals to “repurpose” resources to focus on those waiting the longest, who are yet to have their first appointment. 
    Today the NHS claimed it had “virtually eliminated” two year waits, with less than 3,000 people enduring such delays, down from 22,500 at the end of January.
    Hospitals are being urged to prioritise those waiting 18 months or more, with pledges to get rid of such waits by April next year.
    NHS chiefs have instructed hospitals to focus on outpatient first appointments, rather than patients who have already had treatment, and are waiting for follow-up checks.
    Senior officials have said many such appointments are a “a waste of time” saying there should be more use of systems where routine slots are scrapped, and patients instead told to contact their medical team if they have particular concerns. 
    The drive - which health chiefs dubbed “Super September” - will see priority given to tackling the longest waits. 
    Read full story (paywalled)
    Source: The Telegraph, 9 August 2022
  10. Patient Safety Learning
    One in 25 people who die of a heart attack in the north-east of England could have survived if the average cardiologist effectiveness was raised to the London level, research shows.
    The research, undertaken by the Institute for Fiscal Studies (IFS), looked at the record of over 500,000 NHS patients in the UK, over 13 years. It highlights the stark “postcode lottery” of how people living in some parts of the country have access to lower quality healthcare.
    The results found that while cardiologists treating patients in London and the south-east had the best survival rates among heart attack patients, patients being treated in the north-east and east of England had the worst.
    Among 100 otherwise identical patients, an additional six patients living in the north-east and east of England would have survived for at least a year if they had instead been treated by a similar doctor in London.
    Furthermore, if the effectiveness of doctors treating heart attacks in these areas of the country were just as effective as the cardiologists in London, an additional 80 people a year in each region would survive a heart attack.
    The research also revealed a divide between rural and urban areas of England, with patients living in the former typically receiving treatment from less effective doctors compared with those in more urban areas.
    Read full story
    Source: The Guardian, 9 August 2022
  11. Patient Safety Learning
    Deaths, staff shortages and a culture of life-threatening self-harm are exposing deep fears about the quality of mental health care in hospitals for children and young people.
    Since 2019, at least 20 patients aged 18 or under have died in NHS or privately-run units, the BBC has found.
    A further 26 have died within a year of leaving units, amid claims of a lack of ongoing community support.
    The NHS said it had "invested record amounts... to meet record demand".
    Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services (CAMHS) units look after about 4,000 patients with many different diagnoses each year. The aim is to help them recover over a period of weeks or months through specialist care. Some patients are in and out of the units for years.
    The BBC has also heard serious claims regarding the unsafe discharge of patients sent home from CAMHS hospitals.
    Several former patients told the BBC they had serious self-harm incidents or tried to take their own life within days of returning home.
    Parents have described being on "suicide watch" 24 hours a day, to ensure their child's safety.
    Read full story
    Source: BBC News, 9 August 2022
  12. Patient Safety Learning
    The backlog of people waiting more than two years for a routine operation in England has shrunk from 22,500 at the start of the year to fewer than 200.
    NHS England figures show the number of patients waiting that length of time has fallen to just 168, excluding more complex cases.
    Staff have been praised for carrying out the NHS elective recovery plan, published this year to tackle backlogs built up during the coronavirus pandemic.
    At the start of the year, more than 22,500 people had been waiting two years or longer for scans, checks and surgery. A further 51,000 who would have passed the two-year mark by the end of July have also been treated, figures show.
    The NHS England chief executive, Amanda Pritchard, said: “It has only been possible because the NHS has continued to reform the way we deliver care, using innovative techniques and adopting pioneering technology like robot surgery, and through building new relationships and mutual aid arrangements across systems to offer patients the opportunity to be transferred elsewhere and get the care they need as quickly as possible.
    “The next phase will focus on patients waiting longer than 18 months, building on the fantastic work already done, and, while it is a significant challenge, our remarkable staff have shown that, when we are given the tools and resources we need, the NHS delivers for our patients.”
    Read full story
    Source: The Guardian, 9 August 2022
  13. Patient Safety Learning
    A 27-year-old man died from complications linked to diabetes after GPs failed to properly investigate his rapidly deteriorating health.
    Lugano Mwakosya died on 3 October 2020 from diabetic ketoacidosis, a build-up of toxic acids in the blood arising from low insulin levels, two days before he could see a GP in person.
    His mother, Petronella Mwasandube, believes his death could have been avoided if doctors at Strensham Road Surgery, in Birmingham, had given “adequate consideration” to Lugano’s diabetic history and offered face-to-face appointments following phone consultations on 31 July and 16 and 30 September.
    An independent review commissioned by NHS England found two doctors who spoke to Lugano did not take into account his diabetes or “enquire in detail and substantiate the actual cause of the patient’s symptoms”.
    The review raised concern over the “quality and brevity” of the phone assessments and said the surgery should have offered Lugano an in-person appointment sooner.
    Read full story
    Source: The Independent, 7 August 2022
     
  14. Patient Safety Learning
    After lockdown raided the savings of hairdresser and gym instructor Lucie Wilby, a lengthy wait for a hip replacement dealt another blow to her family’s finances.
    “We’re in a lot of debt because of it and that’s a combination of Covid and obviously surgery [and] waiting times,” the 53-year-old mother from Cornwall says. 
    “If I hadn’t had to wait six months, we’d be nowhere near this issue.”
    Like many of the 6.6 million people on an NHS waiting list, work had become painful and eventually impossible for Wilby as the backlog in treatment forces people to cut their hours or stop employment altogether. 
    “By the time of the operation, I was barely walking and I’m self employed,” she says. 
    “It took about three years to get diagnosed. That’s one of the major problems – it’s not just the waiting time for the operation once you’re on the list, it’s the waiting time for diagnosis.”
    While tax cuts and even trans issues may have stolen the limelight in the Tory leadership race, the struggle to get a grip of record NHS backlogs post-Covid is having a huge economic, as well as human, cost.
    Read full story (paywalled)
    Source: The Times, 7 August 2022
  15. Patient Safety Learning
    People would rather go to England if they had a stroke than use the A&E at a north Wales hospital, a health watchdog has said.
    Inspectors said there was a "clear and significant risk to patient safety" after inspections at the department in Ysbyty Glan Clwyd, Denbighshire.
    North Wales Community Health Council's Geoff Ryall-Harvey said it was the "worst situation" they had seen.
    The report said inspectors found staff who were "working above and beyond in challenging conditions" during a period of "unrelenting demand". Many staff told them they were unhappy and struggling to cope. They said they did not feel supported by senior managers.
    However inspectors said that the health board was not fully compliant with many of the health and care standards, and highlighted significant areas of concern, which could present an immediate risk to the safety of patients, including:
    Doctors were left to "come across" high-risk patients instead of being alerted to them. Patients were not monitored enough - including a suspected stroke patient and one considered a suicide risk. Children were at serious risk of harm as the public could enter the paediatric area unchallenged. Inspectors found evidence of children leaving unseen or being discharged against medical advice. Betsi Cadwaladr health board said it was committed to improvements.
    Read full story
    Source: BBC News, 8 August 2022
     
  16. Patient Safety Learning
    A trust which is struggling with a new electronic patient record (EPR) is likely to see cancer performance affected for at least the rest of this year, it has said.
    Ashford and St Peter’s Hospitals Foundation Trust has set up eight workstreams to ensure its EPR – supplied by Oracle Cerner – is “functioning safely, efficiently and as effectively as possible” after a host of problems since it went live in May. Cancer areas affected include breast, breast symptomatic two week waits, and dermatology.
    “It is expected that the impact of the introduction of SSC [Surrey Safe Care, the name of the project] will be felt in aspects of our cancer performance until at least December 2022,” July’s board meeting was told.
    The performance report warned the risk of delays causing harm to cancer patients – currently rated at 12 on the risk register – was being reviewed as a result of the introduction of SSC and was expected to rise. 
    Read full story (paywalled)
    Source: HSJ, 8 August 2022
  17. Patient Safety Learning
    A single system to report patient safety concerns would “keep people safer”, a newly appointed NHS watchdog has told HSJ.
    Henrietta Hughes – who will take up the post of patient safety commissioner in September – said both clinicians and patients faced a bewildering choice when looking to raise a safety concern, and that there was a need for a “report once” system.
    She said that when ”exhausted” clinicians “come to the end of a 12-hour shift, they don’t want to have to do a Datix report and a yellow card report, and if they’ve got a safeguarding concern or a concern about an individual condition, [to have to] send that somewhere else”.
    Dr Hughes added: ”Wouldn’t it be better if we had one report that you do, and all the information that comes from that report just gets sent to the appropriate authority? That’s the type of change that I think we’d like to see. I know, as a GP myself, that’s what I would rather do as a professional. But also, I think, for all the organisations, we could get so much more richness of information, we would get more reporting, and we’d keep people safer as a result of it.”
    She added that if a patient “wanted to report an individual clinician” they often ended getting bounced around the system, like a pinball. They get sent from pillar to post.”
    Read full story (paywalled)
    Source: HSJ, 8 August 2022
  18. Patient Safety Learning
    The number of patients unable to get a hospital appointment after being referred by their GP is up more than 50% in two years amid the record NHS backlog, official data show.
    NHS Digital figures show no appointments were immediately available for 2.3 million referrals made in the first six months of this year – up 51% on the same period in 2020.
    Appointment slot issues occur when a patient is referred by their GP through the NHS e-Referral Service but no appointment is available to book. 
    The referral is then forwarded or deferred to a patient’s chosen provider, but if an appointment is not made within 180 days it will automatically be removed from the system, according to NHS Digital.
    Patient safety campaigners have said the scale of the problem must be “urgently investigated” by NHS England to ensure the safety of patients is not being compromised while they wait for appointments.
    Helen Hughes, the chief executive of the Patient Safety Learning charity, said: “We have significant concerns about the safety of patients who are facing increasingly long waits for treatment, particularly those on high priority cancer pathways and urgent referrals.”
    She said patients needed to be assured that they will “not be lost in a failing, complex system”, adding: “We believe that NHS England needs to urgently investigate, quantify the scale of the problem and take action if we are to prevent these capacity and system issues resulting in avoidable harm for patients.”
    Some GPs told Patient Safety Learning they had experienced difficulties getting referrals accepted. One GP, based in the North East, said: “There is an ever-creeping transfer of management of complex conditions from secondary to primary care, without adequate training or resources to manage this safely.”
    Read full story (paywalled)
    Source: The Telegraph, 7 August 2022
    You may also be interested in Patient Safety Learning's blog:
    Rejected outpatient referrals are putting patients at risk and increasing workload pressure on GPs
  19. Patient Safety Learning
    Nine in 10 NHS dental practices across the UK are not accepting new adult patients for treatment under the health service, a BBC investigation has found.
    BBC's research shows no dentists taking on adult NHS patients could be found in a third of the UK's top-tier councils. And eight in 10 NHS practices are not taking on children.
    The Department of Health said it had made an extra £50m available "to help bust the Covid backlogs" and that improving NHS access was a priority.
    BBC News contacted nearly 7,000 NHS practices - believed to be almost all those offering general treatment to the public.
    The British Dental Association (BDA) called it "the most comprehensive and granular assessment of patient access in the history of the service".
    While NHS dental treatment is not free for most adults, it is subsidised.
    The BBC heard from people across the UK who could not afford private fees and said the subsidised rates were crucial to getting care.
    The lack of NHS appointments has led people to drive hundreds of miles in search of treatment, pull out their own teeth without anaesthesia, resort to making their own improvised dentures and restrict their long-term diets to little more than soup.
    Read full story
    Source: BBC News, 8 August 2022
  20. Patient Safety Learning
    Armed police are being sent to save the lives of people in cardiac arrest because ambulances “can’t cope” with demand, The Independent has revealed.
    Officers are spending up to a third of their time on non-policing matters, a watchdog has warned, including responding to mental health crises and transporting patients to A&E as ambulance services face a “chronic crisis situation”.
    Andy Cooke, HM chief inspector of constabulary, said that firearms officers have been responding to pleas from struggling NHS colleagues to respond to cardiac arrests.
    He told The Independent that police are becoming the “first, last and only resort” as NHS services buckle under strain, taking them away from tackling crime at a time when recorded offences are at a record high in England and Wales.
    Mr Cooke, the former chief constable of Merseyside Police, added: “Recently, officers in armed response vehicles (ARVs) were being sent to reports of people who were having cardiac arrests because the ambulance service couldn’t cope with the demand, because they’re trained in first aid and to use defibrillators."
    “The ambulance service contacted the police to say ‘we’ve got this heart patient and we haven’t got anyone to send’."
    “Being first, last and only resort, the police will go. It’s right that they did go but that hides the problems we’ve got in the rest of the system.”
    Read full story
    Source: The Independent, 8 August 2022
  21. Patient Safety Learning
    Many NHS 111 services are without a crucial IT system for several days, after a cyber attack on a software supplier.
    Providers had to move to pen-and-paper yesterday, and have been unable to access patient records.
    Adastra – which is used by 85% of NHS 111 providers  – went offline at 7am on Thursday. It was still affected as of Sunday, and staff were told it may not be online for several days.
    Advanced, which supplies Adastra, confirmed on Friday evening the incident was caused by a cyberattck, but says it managed to limit the damage to a small number of its servers. It was reported on Saturday that the attack is thought to have been by a criminal group trying to extort money — so-called ransomware — rather than an attack by a group linked to a state/government.
    As well as NHS 111, the system is used by some GP out-of-hours services and has also been marketed to urgent care providers. 
    NHS 111 services have had to use lists of protocols when answering calls and write details down, rather than the software automatically implementing the protocols.
    One briefing note from commissioners in London, seen by HSJ, described the issue as a “total system outage” for NHS 111, and said “likely delays for patients… will continue throughout the weekend and potentially over next week”.
    Read full story (paywalled)
    Source: HSJ, 8 August 2022
  22. Patient Safety Learning
    The NHS has been hit by a shortage of epidural kits to give mothers-to-be, a key form of pain relief during childbirth, as well as the drug that women are offered as an alternative.
    Supplies of epidural kits and the painkiller Remifentanil are now under such pressure that some hospitals cannot offer pregnant women their usual right to choose which one they want to reduce labour pains.
    Anaesthetists have told the Guardian that the simultaneous shortage of both forms of pain management has led to “difficult discussions” with women who had been told during their antenatal care that they would have that choice but were upset to learn that it was not available.
    The disruption to supplies of epidural kits is so acute that NHS Supply Chain (NHSSC), the health service body that ensures hospitals in England and Wales receive regular supplies of drugs and equipment, to ration deliveries to just one week’s worth of stock.
    Childbirth organisations voiced their concern and warned that the disruption to supplies meant some women in labour were already facing long delays before they received pain relief.
    “Offering a choice of options during birth is an integral element of good maternity care, and this includes pain relief. It is concerning that the shortage of epidural kits and Remifentanil could be denying many that right”, said Jo Corfield, the NCT’s head of communications and campaigns.
    “We don’t yet fully understand the impact this shortage is having but we have heard of long waiting times to receive pain relief and epidurals.”
    Read full story
    Source: The Guardian, 7 August 2022
  23. Patient Safety Learning
    A scheme handing payments to those affected by the contaminated blood scandal will be announced this week, as ministers scramble to help those harmed by the “historic wrong”.
    Whitehall sources confirmed that a programme handing interim payments will be confirmed in the coming days, once officials have ironed out issues to ensure that victims are not taxed on the payments or have their benefits affected by them. It is thought that ministers accept recent recommendations that infected people and bereaved partners should get “payments of no less than £100,000”.
    More than 4,000 people are in line for the payment. Kit Malthouse, the cabinet office minister, has been prioritising the scheme in the last week to ensure payments are made as soon as possible.
    “The infected blood scandal was a tragedy for everyone involved, and the prime minister strongly believes that all those who suffered so terribly as a result of this injustice should receive compensation as quickly as possible,” said a No 10 source. “He has tasked ministers with resolving this issue so that interim payments can be made to all those infected as soon as possible, and we will set out the full details later this week.”
    Read full story
    Source: The Guardian, 6 August 2022
  24. Patient Safety Learning
    Pelvic mesh campaigner Kath Sansom has met with the health secretary Steve Barclay to discuss financial redress for those suffering complications from the procedure.
    The UK government decided last year not to provide compensation to women whose lives had been affected by vaginal mesh implants.
    But Kath Sansom, a Cambridgeshire mum and former journalist for this news outlet, has continued campaigning and says she will put pressure on the health secretary to revisit the issue.
    It also comes as the government revealed victims of the 1970s and 1980s blood scandal will receive compensation for the impact it has had on their lives.
    Ahead of her meeting with the Secretary of State for Health, she said: “We [mesh injured] deserve to be compensated based on the fact we are suffering lifelong damage from a health treatment that caused avoidable harm.
    “It is not our fault this happened to us and the State should take responsibility.”
    Former Health Secretary Matt Hancock issued a public apology when a public inquiry in 2020 revealed a shocking extent of patient failings and lack of regulation for mesh victims.
    “The State has apologised for the suffering of the mesh community, which is an acknowledgement of responsibility,” Kath added.
    Read full story
    Source: Cambs Times, 5 August 2022
  25. Patient Safety Learning
    One in twenty people in the UK who are neither employed nor seeking paid work are suffering from Long Covid, with the figure more than doubling in the past year, official data has revealed.
    The proportion is far higher than for the 1 in 29 people who are unemployed but seeking work who have long Covid symptoms, or the one in 30 employed people who are sufferers, data released by the Office for National Statistics (ONS) shows.
    Individuals who are not employed and are not looking for paid work are classified as being economically inactive.
    The data suggests the long-term impacts of the virus could be driving people into this category, or into retirement.
    Read full story
    Source: The Guardian, 4 August 2022

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