Six rules for doctors using AI (BMJ, 17 September 2026)

Summary

AI is already being introduced into workflows in the NHS, and in the coming years it will undoubtedly become part of the day-to-day practice of most doctors. But what happens when AI contributes to patient harm? Unlike doctors, an AI system cannot be sued under English law. Legal responsibility may instead fall on the clinician, healthcare provider, developer, or manufacturer, depending on what exactly went wrong and why.

NHS Resolution, which handles clinical negligence claims involving NHS trusts and general practices, has already received its first cases in which “the use of AI in delivering patient care is a potential factor.” The General Medical Council (GMC) has also revealed that it has received referrals about doctors misusing AI systems. These claims and complaints are likely to increase in number.

The decision to use AI should be a considered one, looking at the pros and cons of the technology. This BMJ articles gives doctors practical tips to use AI safely and responsibly.