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Found 11 results
  1. Content Article
    The Covid-19 pandemic increased the sense of urgency to advance understanding and prevention of infectious respiratory disease transmission. There are extensive studies that demonstrate scientific understanding about the behaviour of larger (droplets) and smaller (aerosols) particles in disease transmission as well as the presence of particles in the respiratory track. Methods for respiratory protection against particles, such as N95 respirators, are available and known to be effective with tested standards for harm reduction. However, even though multiple studies also confirm their protective effect when N95 respirators are adopted in healthcare and public settings for infection prevention, overall, studies of protocols of their adoption over the last several decades have not provided a clear understanding. This preprint article demonstrates limitations in the methodology used to analyse the results of these studies. The authors show that existing results, when outcome measures are properly analysed, consistently point to the benefit of precautionary measures such as N95 respirators over medical masks, and masking over its absence.
  2. Content Article
    Oman’s healthcare system has rapidly transformed in recent years. A recent Report of Quality and Patient Safety has nevertheless highlighted decreasing levels of patient safety and quality culture among healthcare professionals. This indicates the need to assess the quality of care and patient safety from the perspectives of both patients and healthcare professionals. This study from Al-Jabri et al. aimed to examine (1) patients’ and healthcare professionals’ perspectives on overall quality of care and patient safety standards at two tertiary hospitals in Oman and (2) which demographic characteristics are related to the overall quality of care and patient safety.
  3. Content Article
    A new analysis of the risks and benefits of offering two doses of COVID-19 vaccination to all 12-17 year olds in England shows that the benefits clearly outweigh the risks, given the current high case rates. In the UK currently a single dose of vaccine is recommended for all 12-17 year olds. The research, which is in press with the Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine, estimates hospital and ICU admissions, deaths and cases of long COVID averted over a 16-week period by vaccinating all 12-17 year olds in England. The analysis includes high and low case rate scenarios.
  4. Content Article
    In this systematic review published in BMJ Open, the authors analyse and compare the focus of 694 studies about safety culture in hospitals. The review identifies 11 key themes relating to safety culture across the studies. The authors suggest that the wide range of methods and tools available highlights a persistent lack of consensus in defining patient safety. They also highlight the value of qualitative and mixed method approaches in providing context and meaning to quantitative surveys that assess safety culture.
  5. Content Article
    This article describes the qualitative methodology developed for use in CIRAS (Confidential Incident Reporting and Analysis System), the confidential database set up for the UK railways by the University of Strathclyde. CIRAS is a project in which qualitative safety data are disidentified and then stored and analysed in a central database. Due to the confidential nature of the data provided, conventional (positivist) methods of checking their accuracy are not applicable; therefore a new methodology was developed – the Applied Hermeneutic Methodology (AHM). Based on Paul Ricoeur’s ‘hermeneutic arc’, this methodology uses appropriate computer software to provide a method of analysis that can be shown to be reliable (in the sense that consensus in interpretations between different interpreters can be demonstrated). Moreover, given that the classifiers of the textual elements can be represented in numeric form, AHM crosses the ‘qualitative–quantitative divide’. It is suggested that this methodology is more rigorous and philosophically coherent than existing methodologies and that it has implications for all areas of the health and social sciences where qualitative texts are analysed.
  6. Content Article
    This study from Clay-Williams et al., published in the International Journal for Quality in Healthcare, aimed to explore the associations between the organisation-level quality arrangements, improvement and implementation and department-level safety culture and leadership measures across 32 large Australian hospitals.   The authors found that the influence of organisation-level quality management systems on clinician safety culture and leadership varied depending on the hospital department, suggesting that whilst there was some consistency on patient safety attitudes and behaviours throughout the organizations, there were also other factors at play.
  7. Content Article
    The Summary Hospital-level Mortality Indicator (SHMI) reports on mortality at trust level across the NHS in England using a standard and transparent methodology. It is produced and published monthly as a National Statistic by NHS Digital. The SHMI is the ratio between the actual number of patients who die following hospitalisation at the trust and the number that would be expected to die on the basis of average England figures, given the characteristics of the patients treated there.
  8. Content Article
    The NHS complaints procedure is the statutorily based mechanism for dealing with complaints about NHS care and treatment and all NHS organisations in England are required to operate the procedure. This annual collection is a count of written complaints made by (or on behalf of) patients, received between 1 April 2017 and 31 March 2018 .
  9. Content Article
    This comprehensive systematic review, produced by the General Medical Council) examined the prevalence, severity and key types of preventable patient harm.
  10. Content Article
    In this quarterly report the Parliamentary and Health Service Ombudsman (PHSO) presents statistics on complaints about the NHS in England from April to June 2019 (Quarter 1 – 2019–20). It includes data about the NHS complaints received, assessed and investigated during this period by the PHSO.
  11. Content Article
    Incident reporting systems are commonly deployed in healthcare but resulting datasets are largely warehoused. This study, published in the International Journal of Health Care Quality Assurance, explores if intelligence from such datasets could be used to improve quality, efficiency, and safety. Results indicate that healthcare incident reporting data is underused and, with a small amount of analysis, can provide real insight and application to patient safety.
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