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Content ArticleThe protests outside the Scottish Parliament took an alarming turn recently with people wearing hospital gowns spattered with blood. The demonstrators were former patients of neurosurgeon Sam Eljamel, many allegedly harmed by him and still suffering and searching for answers years later. A public inquiry has been announced by the First Minister. As the Patient Safety Commissioner for Scotland Bill makes its way into law, Alan Clamp, chief executive officer of the Professional Standards Authority for Health and Social Care, asks what this means for Scotland and the safety of its patients? See also: Working together to achieve safer care for all: a blog by Alan Clamp
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Content Article
We have had quite an eventful few weeks in the NHS in England, much of it not very pretty. There have been reports of a consultant dismissed from a Trust for raising concerns about safety, and, following a well-reported series of events, an experienced and essential clinician leaving the workforce. Then there were the events in Manchester where a nurse has been convicted of murdering seven children and the attempted murder of another six children. This despite the raising of concerns by not one, not two but seven senior clinicians. They faced the now repeatedly seen series of actions where they were not believed, faced counteraccusations and threatened with being reported to their regulators. Now we have the inevitable fall out, an incoming inquiry and, no doubt, the same or very similar themes to the many inquiries that have happened in the past. There has been much discussion about these events on social media, mostly focused on Lucy Letby, about patient safety, the actions that people should have taken and reasons why they did not. However, in this blog, I am choosing to look at things from a slightly different perspective, that of the Patient Safety Incident Response Framework (PSIRF).- Posted
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Content ArticleIncident investigation remains a cornerstone of patient safety management and improvement, with recommendations meant to drive action and improvement. However, there is little empirical evidence about how—in real-world hospital settings—recommendations are generated or judged for effectiveness.
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Content Article
In October, the Healthcare Safety Investigation Branch will tweak its name, become independent from NHS England and the UK government, and gain new powers to strengthen investigations. With the announcement of the change in status, Health Secretary, Steven Barclay, reported it would be leading an investigation into inpatient mental health. This follows swiftly on the heels of the Strathdee rapid review into data on mental health inpatient settings, which itself was launched in response to well-documented failures in these settings. The aim of this new investigation into mental health is simple: to improve safety. In this blog, Karen West, Head of Transformation (Mental health) at Oxehealth, and Professor Dan Joyce from the University of Liverpool, discuss the importance of data in patient safety improvement and explain why inpatient mental health data is so difficult to collect and what can be done to improve this. -
Content ArticleWorkplace-based knowledge exchange programmes (WKEPs), such as job shadowing or secondments, offer potential for health and care providers, academics, and policy-makers to foster partnerships, develop local solutions and overcome key differences in practices. Yet opportunities for exchange can be hard to find and are poorly reported in the literature. This study, published in BMJ Leader, aimed to understand the views of providers, academics and policy-makers regarding WKEPs, in particular, their motivations to participate in such exchanges and the perceived barriers and facilitators to participation. Results showed WKEPs were reported to be valuable experiences but required significant organisational buy-in and cooperation to arrange and sustain. To benefit emerging partnerships, such as the new integrated care systems in England, more outcomes evaluations of existing WKEPs are needed, and research focused on overcoming barriers to participation, such as time and costs.
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Content ArticleThe 'Learning Response Review and Improvement Tool' is intended to be used by: Those writing learning response reports following a patient safety incident or complaint, to inform the development of the written report. Peer reviewers of written reports to provide constructive feedback on the quality of reports and to learn from the approach of others. Development of this tool and set of standards was informed by a research study from Paul Bowie, Programme Director for Safety & Improvement at NHS Education for Scotland (NES), identified ‘traps to avoid’ in safety investigations and report writing. The tool was originally developed by NHS Scotland. It has been further refined in collaboration with HSIB and NHS England after being piloted in approximately 20 NHS trusts and healthcare organisations in England. The content validity of the tool is currently being assessed.
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Content ArticleAs this year’s World Patient Safety Day celebrates the theme ‘Engaging patients for patient safety’, Dr Alan Fletcher, the National Medical Examiner for England and Wales, explains the connection between medical examiners and patient safety, and particularly the support they provide for bereaved people, whose insights and experiences can be crucial in supporting the NHS to learn and improve.
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Have you ever stopped and considered what the link is between the Patient Safety Incident Response Framework (PSIRF) and Hollywood? Probably not. Most likely, you have spent the summer of 2023 immersed in your organisation’s transition from the Serious Incident Framework (SIF) to PSIRF. Outside work, for those of us who are cinema-goers, our main Hollywood-related dilemma has revolved around which to watch first, Barbie or Oppenheimer? At the end of April 2023, we were offered the opportunity to present at the Health Care Plus conference, held at the EXCEL centre in London. Ours was the graveyard slot: Day 2 of the conference; 3.15 pm. The time when, quite understandably, the conference participants attentional capacity is usually waning. How could we encourage participants to stay the distance? How do you make a graveyard slot at the end of a two-day conference engaging? More importantly, how do you rise to that challenge when the topic is implementing PSIRF? Our solution? Bring in Hollywood. Make PSIRF glamorous. Our blog shares what we presented: ‘PSIRF: The Hollywood Edit'. Unifying key messages from NHS England’s PSIRF guidance (NHS England, August 2022) with Hollywood movie titles and a bit of what we have learnt and reflected on along the way.- Posted
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Content ArticleChris Elston, Patient Safety Education Lead, University Hospital Southampton, shares with the hub his Trust's Patient Safety Incident Response Framework (PSIRF) frequently asked questions. Please feel free to adapt and share at your own organisation.
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News Article
Young autistic people still dying despite coroner warnings over care
Patient Safety Learning posted a news article in News
Dozens of young autistic people have died after serious failings in their care despite repeated warnings from coroners, BBC News has found. Their investigation found issues that were flagged a decade ago are still being warned about now. Two bereaved mothers said lessons had not been learned by their local health authority after the deaths of their teenage sons, two years apart. The coroner who oversaw both cases, noted a repeated failure in care. After the first death, the coroner criticised NHS Kent and Medway for "inadequate support" and said a similar incident may happen if this continued. Two years later, the second autistic teenager died under the care of the same authority. The same coroner found that had the victim received the recommended level of care, he might have got the therapy he needed. In the first piece of research of its kind, the BBC combed through more than 4,000 Prevention of Future Death (PFD) notices delivered in England and Wales over the past 10 years. Read full story Source: BBC News, 7 September 2023 -
Content ArticleIn the wake of the conviction of Lucy Letby, a neonatal nurse who has been found guilty of the murder of seven babies and attempted murder of six babies, the focus of the nation is on the multiple tragedies that the families have faced, the healthcare staff who tried to blow the whistle, and safety issues in hospitals. NHS England has responded to the conviction by stating that trusts should look at whistleblowing policies, that those unfit to hold directorships should not be appointed, and with that well worn phrase “lessons will be learned.” But will they? In this BMJ opinion piece Alison Leary, professor of Healthcare and Workforce Modelling at London South Bank University, looks at why the NHS has failed to learn lessons from patient safety tragedies spanning the last fifty years. She highlights that unlike other safety critical industries, healthcare is still wedded to concepts that effectively deny the complexity of work and the social structures that surround work. This includes a failure to see the value in retaining experienced staff and a hierarchical approach to the value of work. She also outlines that more focus should be placed on management listening, rather than on staff having to find the courage to speak up when they have concerns: "When workers are listened to and constructive dissent is encouraged and normalised, along with the reporting of incidents, there is little need for whistleblowing. A workforce that must resort to whistleblowing is a symptom of poor safety culture."
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Content ArticleRecording of a recent RLDatix and NHS England webinar on Learn from Patient Safety Events (LFPSE).
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Content Article
Stephen Ashmore and Tracy Ruthven, Co-Directors of Clinical Audit Support Centre Limited, have created a simple, eye-catching poster to explain the new Patient Safety Incident Response Framework (PSIRF). Here they explain why they created the graphic. You can download the poster by clicking on the image or downloading it from the attachment at the bottom of the page.- Posted
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Content ArticlePatients are increasingly describing their healthcare experiences publicly online. This has been facilitated by digital technology, a growing focus on transparency in healthcare and the emergence of a feedback culture in many sectors. The aim of this study was to identify a typology of responses that healthcare staff provide on Care Opinion, a not-for-profit online platform on which patients are able to provide narrative feedback about health and social care in the UK. The authors used framework analysis to qualitatively analyse a sample of 486 stories regarding hospital care and their 475 responses. Five response types were identified: non-responses, generic responses, appreciative responses, offline responses and transparent, conversational responses. The key factors that varied between these response types included the extent to which responses were specific and personal to the patient story, how much responders' embraced the transparent nature of public online discussion and whether or not responders suggested that the feedback had led to learning or impacted subsequent care delivery. Staff provide varying responses to feedback from patients online, with the response types provided being likely to have strong organisational influences. The findings offer valuable insight and have both practical and theoretical implications for those looking to enable meaningful conversations between patients and staff to help inform improvement. The authors suggest that future research should focus on the relationship between response type, organisational culture and the ways in which feedback is used in practice.
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Content ArticleIn this blog post, Charlotte Augst looks at the impact of the Lucy Letby conviction on views of patient safety and accountability. The case has brought debates about patient safety into the mainstream media and public consciousness, and rather than focus simply on one extreme case, she believes it is important to look into common patterns in the NHS that lead to harm. She highlights that while such an awful case—where a healthcare professional caused deliberate harm to the most vulnerable patients—is shocking, it is also rare. She outlines a need to focus on the systemic issues that are resulting in repeated harm to patients, particularly in maternity services. Patients continue to be harmed because of rifts between management and clinical staff, the inability of the healthcare and regulatory system to really listen to patients, systemic discrimination and cognitive bias. Charlotte argues that while we may find ourselves focusing on the character of a nurse who committed such heinous crimes, we need to pay equal attention to the normalised behaviours and attitudes that harm patients and take place every day throughout the NHS.
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Content ArticleFrom September 2023 all organisations who previously reported to NRLS should make the switch to recording to the new Learn from Patient Safety Events (LFPSE) service, which will replace the NRLS. From Autumn 2023 organisations will also make the transition from the Serious Incident Framework (SIF) to the Patient safety incident response framework (PSIRF). This means there will be changes to the expectations and processes associated with recording information about the response to patient safety incidents This document provides detail into where incident responses are to be recorded during the transition to LFPSE and PSIRF.
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Content ArticleOn the 20 February 2019 an investigation commenced into the death of Bethan Naomi Harris who was born on the 16 November 2018 at the St George's University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust. Bethan Naomi Harris died at Shooting Star Hospice on the 26 November 2018. Her mother's pregnancy had been uneventful. After admission to labour ward labour progressed very quickly indeed and Bethan sustained severe brain injury during delivery. Despite best efforts by the neonatal team she succumbed to her injuries. The Investigation concluded at the end of the Inquest on the 19 November 2019. The conclusion of the inquest was that the medical cause of Bethan's death was (1a) hypoxic ischaemic encephalopathy.
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News Article
Staff ‘let down by leaders’ as ‘chaotic’ service gets double downgrade
Patient Safety Learning posted a news article in News
A teaching trust has had its maternity services downgraded to ‘inadequate’ after inspectors found stillbirths and massive haemorrhages were not being treated as ‘serious incidents’. Maternity services at St George’s University Hospitals Foundation Trust in south London were previously inspected in 2016, when they were assessed as “good”. The Care Quality Commission (CQC) said serious incident declaration meetings at St George’s were regularly classing serious incidents as “adverse incidents”, meaning executives were not informed and there were missed opportunities for learning and development. Inspectors also found incidents such as severe perineal tears, emergency hysterectomy, and birth injuries were rated as causing low or no harm when a higher level would have been appropriate, or and sometimes downgraded from a higher rating. Carolyn Jenkinson, CQC’s deputy director of secondary and specialist healthcare, said: “We saw areas where significant and urgent improvements are needed to ensure safe care is provided to women, people using this service, and their babies. “Both staff and people using the service were being let down by leaders who failed to respond quickly, resulting in care that was unsafe, and in the delivery suite, also chaotic.” Read full story (paywalled) Source: HSJ, 17 August 2023 -
Content ArticleThis guidance for users of the new Learn from Patient Safety Events (LFPSE) service provides context and guidance on selection of appropriate categories when recording incidents. It focuses on which Event Type is appropriate for different circumstances, and how to select the most appropriate options for the Levels of Harm categorisation required within Patient Safety Incidents. It covers the following topics: Definitions – event types Definitions – harm grading When are harm grading fields mandatory? Recording guidance questions and answers
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Content ArticleThis procedure describes the Trust wide process of retrospective case review that is to be implemented following an in-hospital death. The document outlines roles and responsibilities and provides guidance on the process of identifying, reviewing, sharing and escalating mortality case reviews.
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Content ArticleThis policy sets out a framework describing how the Trust and its staff will respond to and learn from deaths that occur under their care.It will provide guidance for all staff involved in the mortality review process ensuring clarity on roles, responsibilities and expectations. Reviewing mortality can help make improvements to the quality of care received by patients at the Trust by identifying care related issues. This enables the identification of learning themes and provides evidence of a high standard of care. Mortality is a fundamental component of clinical effectiveness, one of the three dimensions of quality described by Lord Darzi in High Quality Care for all (2008). The Trusts aims are to: Have continuous improvement of our Hospital Standardised Mortality Ratios (HSMR) and the Trusts Standardised Hospital-Level Mortality Index (SHMI) Achieve a year-on-year reduction in avoidable mortality Improve learning from mortality reviews Ensure robust and timely governance processes regarding mortality outcomes and reviews Provide assurance of mortality processes in the Trust.
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Content ArticleCoroners, who hold inquests to determine the causes of unnatural deaths in England and Wales, having recognised factors that could cause other deaths, are legally obliged to signal concerns by sending ‘Reports to Prevent Future Deaths’ (PFDs) to interested persons. This systematic review in Pharmaceutical Medicine aimed to establish whether Coroners’ concerns about medications are widely recognised. The authors found that PFDs related to medicines are not widely referred to in medical journals or UK national newspapers. By contrast, the Australian and New Zealand National Coronial Information System has contributed cases to 206 publications cited in PubMed, of which 139 are related to medicines. The research suggests that information from English and Welsh Coroners’ PFDs is under-recognised, even though it should inform public health. The results of inquiries by Coroners and medical examiners worldwide into potentially preventable deaths involving medicines should be used to strengthen the safety of medicines.
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Content ArticleIn this video, Chief Digital Officer Clive Flashman talks about the hub as a patient safety innovation as part of Patient Safety Learning's entry to the Digital Health Hub Foundation Digital Health Awards 2023.
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Content ArticleClive Flashman, Patient Safety Learning's Chief Digital Officer, shares his presentation slides from the Health Plus Care 2022 conference. The presentation slides include basic principles, how to involve the patient and public in design, key issues and Clive's ten top tips for digital health innovators.
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Content Article
This policy paper from the Department of Health and Social Care sets out the Government’s response to the recommendations of the Independent Investigation into East Kent Maternity services.
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