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Found 639 results
  1. Content Article
    The primary objective of this study, published in Intensive Care Medicine, was to investigate the risk of ICU bloodstream infection (BSI) in critically ill COVID-19 patients compared to non-COVID-19 patients. Authors conclude: "The ICU-BSI risk was higher for COVID-19 than non-COVID-19 critically ill patients after seven days of ICU stay. Clinicians should be particularly careful on late ICU-BSIs in COVID-19 patients. Tocilizumab or anakinra may increase the ICU-BSI risk."
  2. Content Article
    COVID-19 has highlighted concerns around shortages of personal protective equipment (PPE). Authors of this BMJ Opinion piece argue that in our healthcare system, where 77% of staff are women, PPE does not protect female staff as well as their males colleagues. 
  3. Content Article
    NHS Solent share their policy on healthcare workers screening and immunisation. The primary purpose of this policy is to reduce the risk of transmission of infection (as far as reasonably practical) from an infected healthcare worker-to-patient. The main known risks of infection through bloodborne virus in the clinical setting are from hepatitis B, hepatitis C and HIV. This measure is not intended to prevent those healthcare workers from working in the NHS but rather to restrict them from working in clinical areas where their infection may pose a risk to patients in their care and by early diagnosis; allows them to manage their own health.
  4. Content Article
    The purpose of wearing a type II fluid resistant surgical mask (FRSM) during surgical and invasive procedures is to minimise the transmission of pathogens in the nose, mouth and throat of staff to patients. They also protect staff from splash or spray of blood/body fluids onto their respiratory mucosa (nose and mouth). A wide range of FFP3 respirators have been used as protection by staff across healthcare settings during the COVID-19 pandemic, including FFP3 respirators with and without exhalation valves. The exhalation valves do not filter exhaled breath, even when of a ‘shrouded’ type. Current infection control guidance states that: “Valved respirators should not be worn by a healthcare worker/operator when sterility directly over the surgical field is required, eg in theatres/surgical settings or when undertaking a sterile procedure”. Powered hoods (also known as powered air purifying respirators or PAPRs) have been provided as respiratory protective equipment (RPE) for staff unable to achieve a tight fit with an FFP3 respirator(s). The air exiting PAPR hoods is not filtered. Incident reports received since March 2020 identified five incidents describing dripping of condensation from the exhalation valve of an FFP3 respirator, potentially compromising the sterile field; one cerebral abscess involving an oral bacterium linked to the use of a valved FFP3 respirator during brain surgery; and three cases of endocarditis linked to PAPR use during cardiac surgery. These incident reports and feedback from services suggest that the risks of valved respirators and PAPRs for surgical and invasive procedures is not well recognised, and that their use may have become routine in some theatre environments.
  5. Content Article
    Researchers have developed an artificial intelligence (AI) tool for rapidly detecting COVID-19 in people arriving at a hospital’s emergency department. The tool can accurately rule out infection within an hour of a patient arriving at hospital, significantly faster than the PCR (polymerase chain reaction) test that has a turnaround time of typically 24 hours. 
  6. Content Article
    Scientists around the world have warned of the airborne nature of Covid-19 since the start of the pandemic, but how does this impact on patient safety and what can be done to reduce risk? In this long read blog, GP trainee Lindsay Fraser-Moodie, describes how she witnessed the impact of poor ventilation and inadequate PPE on staff and patient safety while working on a hospital ward during the second UK Covid-19 wave. Lindsay describes how her CEO welcomed her concerns, and the changes that were put in place to reduce the risk of hospital acquired transmission. This article includes a comment from her CEO David Carter, who highlights the challenges of the situation and praises Lindsay for her approach to patient safety. 
  7. Content Article
    This website contains freely available resources for anyone undertaking or working within care homes. These resources were developed by infection prevention control (IPC) experts and supported by Care Home Relatives Scotland and include downloadable guidance on infection control, compassionate and safe care home interactions and leaflets that help reassure and support anyone who is planning spend time with a care home resident.
  8. Content Article
    One in 20 patients who undergo a surgical procedure contract an infection afterwards, in the part of the body where the surgery took place. 60% of these are preventable. We’re looking for patients to help raise awareness of the damaging impact these infections can have on people, and guide improvements. Have you ever contracted an infection after surgery? How did it affect you? Would you be happy to share your experience?
  9. Content Article
    This research was conducted to explore the relationship between the various types of events that occur in an isolation environment and the associated factors, which may have implications for the likelihood of the event and severity of patient harm. After performing an analysis of event reports submitted by acute care hospitals between January 1 and September 30, 2020, 484 relevant event reports from 94 hospitals for inclusion in our descriptive study (excluding near-miss events) were identified.
  10. Content Article
    Scientific and policy bodies’ failure to acknowledge and act on the evidence base for airborne transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in a timely way is both a mystery and a scandal. In this study, Greenhalgh et al. applied theories from Bourdieu to address the question, “How was a partial and partisan scientific account of SARS-CoV-2 transmission constructed and maintained, leading to widespread imposition of infection control policies which de-emphasised airborne transmission?”.
  11. Content Article
    In this blog, James Perry a GP for Primary Care Wirral GP Federation, describes his experience of being a member of the UK's first multidisciplinary quarantine unit in 40 years. Starting from when 83 British nationals arrived in the UK from Wuhan, China and were transferred to Arrowe Park on the morning of 31st January, he details several operational and medical approaches, including how the multidisciplinary team had to create a strategic operational plan and how the mental health team aimed to promote a normalising, practical and human approach without medicalising people’s natural responses to a challenging and unusual circumstance.
  12. Content Article
    This chapter in the National Health Executive magazine, looks at infection prevention.
  13. Content Article
    The European Biosafety Network (EBN) commissioned a survey to understand whether, why and how there has been a change in the number, type and location of sharps injuries as a result of the COVID pandemic. The survey, conducted by Ipsos MORI in March/April 2021, included 80 of the largest hospitals in Europe, in Spain, France, Germany, Poland and Italy, covering more than 300,000 healthcare workers. Findings showed that the number of sharps injuries has risen significantly as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, with an average reported increase of 23% over the last year (an estimated increase of 276,000 sharps injuries). This presentation highlights several contributing factors including: Increased pressure/stress Lack of safety devices PPE Covid vaccination rollout. You can access the full presentation summarising the research by downloading the attached document.
  14. Content Article
    Group B Streptococcus (Group B Strep, Strep B, Beta Strep, or GBS) is a type of bacteria which lives in the intestines, rectum and vagina of around 2-4 in every 10 women in the UK (20-40%). Most women carrying GBS will have no symptoms and although it is not harmful to pregnant women, it can affect babies around the time of birth. Read Poppy's story.
  15. Content Article
    Group B Streptococcus (GBS, group B Strep or Strep B) is a type of bacteria which lives in the intestines, rectum, or vagina of 2 to 4 in every ten women in the UK (20 to 40%). This is often referred to as ‘carrying’ or being ‘colonised with’ group B Strep.  Most women carrying GBS will have no symptoms. Carrying GBS is not harmful to you, but there is a small chance it can affect your baby around the time of birth. GBS can occasionally cause serious infection in young babies and, very rarely, in babies before they are born. Carrying GBS can also sometimes lead to serious infections for pregnant women, though this is also rare. Find out more about Group B Strep in pregnancy on the Group B Strep Support website or by watching the video via the link below. 
  16. Content Article
    Monitoring surgical wounds for infection: information for patients explains surgical wound infection, and the national programme for monitoring infections acquired in hospitals. This patient guide had been produced by Public Health England and is available in English and 8 other languages.
  17. Content Article
    The Hierarchy of Controls is a system that is used to put in place effective controls within an organisation or wider community that identifies the most effective ways to control a hazard. In this diagram created by Doreen Geoghegan from the Galway-Mayo Institute of Technology the inverted cone shows the most effective controls at the top and the least effective at the bottom in relation to Covid-19.
  18. Content Article
    This Lancet article argues that the UK Government's plan to lift almost all COVID-19 restrictions on 19 July 2021 is a mistake, setting out five main concerns in this regard.
  19. Content Article
    The study aims to describe patients' experiences of acquiring a deep SSI and it's negative impact. The authors propose that as many safety measures should be taken as possible to avoid and prevent infection.
  20. Content Article
    After Rosie Bartel went for knee replacement surgery, she was told she had contracted the MRSA infection. In this video, Mrs. Bartel describes how she is now in a wheelchair after three years and 11 surgeries.
  21. Content Article
    Six news stories relating to studies on surgical site infections and reducing their incidence. Free registration is required to view this content.
  22. Content Article
    The objective of this study, published in JAMA Surgery, was to determine whether exposure to 30-day postoperative infection is associated with increased incidence of infection and mortality during postoperative days 31 to 365. Authors conclude that patients with 30-day postoperative infection had a 3.2-fold higher risk of 1-year infection and a 1.9-fold higher risk of mortality compared with those who had no 30-day infection. 
  23. Content Article
    Post-operative sepsis is the term used to describe a rare complication of surgery; when sepsis has occurred shortly after an operation which affects one or more organs of the body. In severe cases it can cause life-threatening multi-organ failure, which requires admission to an Intensive Care Unit. This patient/relative guide, from the UK Sepsis Trust, looks at causes, symptoms and treatments for post-operative sepsis.
  24. Content Article
    Surgical site infection (SSI) is one of the most common complications following cesarean section, and has an incidence of 3%–15%. It places physical and emotional burdens on the mother herself and a significant financial burden on the health care system. SSI is associated with a maternal mortality rate of up to 3%.  This paper, published in the International Journal of Women's Health, focuses on: Risk factors Prevention strategies Intraoperative practices Post operative assessment.
  25. Content Article
    These guidelines include 13 recommendations for the period before surgery, and 16 for preventing infections during and after surgery. They range from simple precautions such as ensuring that patients bathe or shower before surgery and the best way for surgical teams to clean their hands, to guidance on when to use antibiotics to prevent infections, what disinfectants to use before incision, and which sutures to use.
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