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Found 271 results
  1. Content Article
    In a series of blogs for the hub, we will be highlighting the impact fatigue has on staff and patients. In their first blog, Emma Plunkett and Nancy Redfern, part of the Joint Working Group on Fatigue, shared how they became involved in investigating night shift fatigue, setting up the Joint Working Group on Fatigue and the aims of the #FightFatigue campaign. In this second blog, Emma and Nancy are joined by Roopa McCrossan to highlight how tiredness can impact on our performance, the patient and staff implications of fatigue, and the actions that need to be taken not only at an organisational level to improve culture, but the effort required at national level too.
  2. Content Article
    Interruptions and multitasking are implicated as a major cause of clinical inefficiency and error. The aim of this study by Westbrook et al. was to measure the association between emergency doctors' rates of interruption and task completion times and rates.
  3. Content Article
    Fatigue has increasingly been viewed by society as a safety hazard. This has lead to increased regulation of fatigue by governments. The most common control process has been compliance with prescriptive hours of service (HOS) rule sets. Despite the frequent use of prescriptive rule sets, there is an emerging consensus that they are an ineffective hazard control, based on poor scientific defensibility and lack of operational flexibility. In exploring potential alternatives, we propose a shift from prescriptive HOS limitations toward a broader Safety management system (SMS) approach. Rather than limiting HOS, this approach provides multiple layers of defence, whereby fatigue-related incidents are the final layer of many in an error trajectory. This review presents a conceptual basis for managing the first two levels of an error trajectory for fatigue.
  4. Content Article
    This editorial in Anaesthesia looks at how the term 'human factors' has been applied to different aspects of anaesthesia over the past few years. The author calls for a deeper look at the application of human factors in the field of anaesthesia to ensure systems are designed to minimise the risk of human error and variation.
  5. Content Article
    The primary purpose of this document from the Society of Petroleum Engineers (SPE) is to allow HSE professionals who provide answers to the pre-qualification questionnaires to quickly establish if their companies apply human factors / human performance as per the industry guidance. Secondly, this guidance may be used by anyone who wishes to quickly get an insight into the industry guidance, without reading dozens of reports. To access the report you will need to fill in a form from the SPE website.
  6. News Article
    Inquest finds Susan Warby, 57, received insulin she did not need after blood test mistakes. Hospital errors contributed to her death five weeks after bowel surgery, an inquest into her death has concluded. Susan Warby, 57, who died at West Suffolk hospital in Bury St Edmunds, was incorrectly given glucose instead of saline through an arterial line that remained in place for 36 hours and resulted in inaccurate blood test readings. She was subsequently given insulin she did not need, causing bouts of extremely low blood sugar (hypoglycemia) and the development of “a brain injury of uncertain severity”, recorded Suffolk’s senior coroner, Nigel Parsley. Speaking after the inquest was adjourned in January, Susan's husband, Jon Warby, said he was “knocked sideways completely” when he received an anonymous letter two months after her death highlighting blunders in her treatment. Doctors at the hospital were reportedly asked for fingerprints as part of the hospital’s investigation into the letter, a move described by a Unison trade union official as a “witch-hunt” designed to identify the whistleblower. Following January’s adjournment, Parsley instructed an independent expert to review the care that Warby received. Warby’s medical cause of death was recorded as multi-organ failure, with contributory causes including septicaemia, pneumonia and perforated diverticular disease, affecting the bowel. Recording a narrative conclusion, Parsley wrote: “Susan Warby died as the result of the progression of a naturally occurring illness, contributed to by unnecessary insulin treatment caused by erroneous blood test results. This, in combination with her other comorbidities, reduced her physiological reserves to fight her naturally occurring illness.” Jon Warby said in a statement: “The past two years have been incredibly difficult since losing Sue, and it is still a real struggle to come to terms with her no longer being here. The inquest has been a highly distressing time for our family, having to relive how Sue died, but we are grateful that it is over and we now have some answers as to what happened." “After learning of the errors in Sue’s care, I wanted to know how these occurred and what action was being taken to prevent any similar incidents in the future. The trust has now made a number of changes which I am pleased about.” Read full story Source: The Guardian, 7 September 2020
  7. News Article
    A teenager with a severe nut allergy died in part because of human error, a coroner has ruled. Shante Turay-Thomas, 18, had a severe reaction to eating a hazelnut. The inquest heard a series of failures meant that an ambulance took more than 40 minutes to arrive at her home in Wood Green, north London. Her mother Emma Turay, who said she felt "badly let down" by the NHS, wants an "allergy tsar" to be appointed to help prevent similar deaths. The inquest heard call staff for the NHS's 111 non-emergency number failed to appreciate the teenager's worsening condition was typical of a severe allergic reaction to nuts. A telephone recording of the 111 call, made by her mother, at 23:01 BST on Friday 14 September 2018, revealed how the 18-year-old could be heard in the background struggling to breathe. "My chest hurts, my throat is closing and I feel like I'm going to pass out," she said before asking her mother to check how long the ambulance would be, then adding: "I'm going to die." The inquest heard Ms Turay-Thomas had tried to use her auto-injector adrenaline pen, however it later emerged she had only injected a 300 microgram dose, rather than the 1,000 micrograms needed to stabilise her condition. It also emerged she was unaware of the need to use two shots for the most serious allergic reactions and had not received medical training after changing her medication delivery system from the EpiPen to a new Emerade device. The inquest at St Pancras Coroner's Court was told an ambulance that was on its way to the patient had been rerouted because the call was incorrectly categorised as requiring only a category two response, rather than the more serious category one. Read full story Source: BBC News, 13 January 2020
  8. News Article
    Some Welsh NHS staff with Covid-19 have been given wrong test results and were told they did not have coronavirus, BBC Wales has learned. They are among a group of ten who have been given incorrect results - including eight from Aneurin Bevan Health Board and two from elsewhere. It is not clear how many of the ten had Covid-19 and were told they did not, or vice versa. The Gwent-based heath board said the staff were contacted "immediately". It happened when a small number of test samples from a batch of 96 were attributed to the wrong patients. Read full story Source: BBC Wales, 7 April 2020
  9. News Article
    A nurse from South Gloucestershire died after doctors missed signs of her cervical cancer amid a series of "gross" failings, a coroner has ruled. Julie O’Connor’s cancer was not picked up by North Bristol NHS Foundation Trust despite abnormalities in a smear test in 2014 and a biopsy in 2015. She went for multiple further checks for gynaecological problems in 2016 and 2017 and was referred three times to specialists. However, Ms O'Conner only received a cancer diagnosis once she decided to seek private treatment at Spire Hospital in Bristol. An inquest into her death was held in Flax Bourton, Somerset, this week. Maria Voisin, Senior Coroner for the Avon area, found the cause of Ms O’Connor’s death to be of “natural causes contributed to by neglect". She recorded three instances of "gross failures" including the inaccurate smear test as well as mistakes in two further assessments. Deputy medical director Tim Whittlestone said: “We accept the findings of the coroner and support her actions to build on our correspondence with the Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists." “...I would like to reaffirm that North Bristol has investigated these errors and more importantly that we have learnt lessons from our mistakes." Read full story Source: Nursing Times, 31 January 2020
  10. News Article
    An electronic health record (EHR) bug that transmits and medication order for 25 mg of a drug – not the prescribed 2.5 mg – could be the difference between life and death. And it’s that seemingly impossible reality that’s bringing more industry stakeholders to the table working to better understand EHR usability and its effects on patient safety. “Often times when people think about usability, they think about design and then they think about the EHR vendor,” Raj Ratwani, PhD, Director of MedStar Health Human Factors Center, said in an interview with EHRIntelligence. “In reality, it's a very complex space. The products that are being used by frontline clinicians are shaped by the vendor. But they are also shaped by how that product is implemented at that provider site, how it's customized, and how it’s configured. All of those things shape usability.” EHR usability issues are an exceptionally common issue, Ratwani reported in a recent JAMA article. About 40% EHRs reported having an issue that can potentially lead to patient harm and about 786 hospitals and 37,365 individual providers may have used EHRs with potential safety issues based on required product use reporting. Direct safety challenges typically come from EHR products that are sub-optimally designed, developed, or implemented. Usability issues stem from a very cluttered interface or a complex medication list. Seeing a cluttered list can lead to a clinician selecting the wrong medication. A major usability issue also comes from data entry. EHR users want that process to be as clean as possible. Consistency in the way information is entered is also key, Ratwani explained. Ratwani also wants to ensure that certification testing is as realistic as possible. He compared it to when a vehicle is certified to meet certain safety standards each year. This type of mechanism does not exist when it comes to EHRs because right when the product is certified, it then gets implemented, and there is no further certification of safety done at all after the initial testing. “One way to do that, at least for hospitals, is to have that process be something that the Joint Commission looks to do as part of their accreditation standards,” Ratwani said. “They could introduce some very basic accreditation standards that promote hospitals to do some very basic safety testing.” Read full story Source: EHR Intelligence, 13 January 2020
  11. News Article
    A coroner has criticised an ambulance trust after it took nearly four hours to reach a woman who had taken an overdose. Taking the unusual step of publishing a prevention of future deaths report before an inquest had concluded, coroner for Gateshead and South Tyneside Terence Carney said “the real and imminent danger of [the deceased Maureen Wharton’s] admitted actions does not appear to have been appreciated and readily reacted to in a meaningful way”. Ms Wharton called North East Ambulance Service Trust to say she was dying of cancer and had taken prescribed drugs, including an opioid-based medication and sleeping pills. She threatened to take more and later called back, appearing drowsier. North East Ambulance Service graded the 61-year-old’s call as “category three”, which meant she should have received a response within two hours. It took three hours and 45 minutes for the ambulance service to access her flat, by which time she was already dead. Mr Carney pointed out no attempts had been made to identify family or other support for her, or to contact other agencies which could have responded. The inquest into her death is expected to conclude later this year. In a statement, NEAS said it has already made changes to safeguard patients in mental health cases, including implementing greater oversight in its control rooms, improving call transfers to crisis teams, mapping available local mental health services, introducing more staff training, and telling patients in a crisis but not at risk of physical harm about other, more appropriate, services. Read full story (paywalled) Source: HSJ, 14 January 2020
  12. News Article
    A young woman was left with a retained foreign object, after surgery in an India hospital. A checklist could have avoided her death. The response from the health officials was: “We have issued a show-cause notice to the staff seeking an explanation. We will initiate departmental action based on their replies and finding of our inquiry.” In the fields of healthcare quality and patient safety, such punitive measures of “naming and shaming” have not worked. T.S. Ravikumar, President, AIIMS Mangalagiri, Andhra Pradesh, moved back to India eight years ago with the key motive to improve accountability and safety in healthcare delivery. He believes that we have a long way to go in reducing “preventable harm” in hospitals and the health system in general. "We need to move away from fixing blame, to creating a 'blame-free culture' in healthcare, yet, with accountability. This requires both systems design for safe care and human factors engineering for slips and violations". "Providing safe care without harm is a 'team sport', and we need to work as teams and not in silos, with mutual respect and ability to speak up where we observe any deviation or non-compliance with rules, says Ravikumar. Basic quality tools and root-cause analysis for adverse events must become routine. Weekly mortality/morbidity conferences are routine in many countries, but not a routine learning tool in India. He proposes acceleration of the recent initiative of the DGHS of the Government of India to implement a National Patient Safety Framework, and set up an analytical “never events” or sentinel events reporting structure. Read full story Source: The Hindu, 12 January 2020
  13. Content Article
    Although serious medication errors are uncommon, their effects can be devastating for patients and their loved ones. The authors of this study in the journal Patient Safety searched the Pennsylvania Patient Safety Reporting System (PA-PSRS) for reports of serious medication errors in the emergency department from 1 January 2011 to 31 December 2020. They identified trends in the data, looking at patient sex, patient age, event harm score, event day of the week and event time of day. The authors found that: error reports more often specified that the patient was female. events were significantly more likely to happen over the weekend. most errors occurred at the prescribing stage. the most common error type was a wrong dose. They conclude that a number of patient safety strategies could reduce the risk of medication errors in the emergency department, including: stocking epinephrine autoinjectors. using clinical decision support at the ordering/prescribing stage of the process. adding an emergency medicine pharmacist to interdisciplinary emergency medicine teams.
  14. Content Article
    EZDrugID is a campaign to improve the distinctiveness of medication packaging set up by a group of healthcare workers. Inadequate standards around medication packaging mean that medications with very different actions are sometimes packaged in a very similar way causing "look-alike drugs”. This can lead to errors and serious harm to patients if the wrong drug is mistakenly used. The EZDrugID website contains information about their campaigns to maximise distinctiveness of different medications as well as a "lookalikes" gallery. See also: the hub's error traps gallery The medication safety area of the hub
  15. Content Article
    Positive defensive medicine describes an approach to healthcare that involves excessive testing, over-diagnosing and overtreatment. Negative defensive medicine, on the contrary, describes an approach where doctors avoid, refer or transfer high risk patients. This article in Patient Safety in Surgery examines how both defensive medicine approaches can contribute to medical errors.
  16. Content Article
    Dr Robert D. Glatter, medical advisor for Medscape Emergency Medicine, Dr Megan Ranney, professor of emergency medicine and the academic dean at Brown University School of Public Health and Dr Jane Barnsteiner, emeritus professor at the University of Pennsylvania School of Nursing, discuss the tragic case involving RaDonda Vaught, who was an ICU nurse who was recently convicted in Tennessee of criminally negligent homicide and gross neglect following a medical error due to administration of the wrong medication that led to a patient's death.
  17. Content Article
    This webpage provides an overview of how human factors affect outcomes in surgical emergencies. It includes: An introduction to human factors Video exploring the case of Elaine Bromiley Explanation of human error and the Swiss Cheese Model Table of factors that reduce human error 'What if?' video showing how simple changes could have resulted in a different outcome in Elaine Bromiley's case Practical tips for managing the paediatric airway in a critically ill child
  18. Content Article
    “Don't go to the hospital alone” has been the advice that safety experts have promoted for many years as a way that patients can help protect themselves. Family members provide an important safety net for patients in the hospital, and across the entire continuum of care—another slice of the Swiss cheese in our defenses against errors. As safety professionals, we hate to have to rely on that safety net, knowing that not all patients and families are able to provide it. Yet, given what we know about the frequency of medical errors, we still recommend it because families provide an additional cross-check of our care. But the COVID-19 pandemic has stripped away the layer of protection provided by families. At the start of the pandemic, visitation was heavily curtailed or stopped entirely due to the risks of spreading the virus. These decisions were not made lightly—concerns about protecting patients and the workforce drove them. Risks of visitation have included risks of infection to visitors and staff, particularly when not enough personal protective equipment (PPE) was available, and added strain on nurses to manage the presence of visitors and visitors’ compliance with PPE protocols. These infection concerns have not borne out, especially after adequate PPE supplies became available.1.,2. Those decisions at the start of the pandemic were necessary, given the uncertainties and the PPE shortages. However, now is the time to learn from that experience and reassess the risks and benefits of limited visitation. Further reading It’s time to rename the ‘visitor’: reflections from a relative Visiting restrictions and the impact on patients and their families: a relative's perspective Q&A: Dr. Tejal Gandhi on refocusing COVID visitation policies through a safety lens
  19. Content Article
    The Patient Safety Movement are looking for patients, family members, health workers and administrators to reach out if they have an experience related to harm or death due to a medication error in the operating room. While the specific numbers may be debated, that medication errors, while rare in the operating, could have catastrophic consequences. The Patient Safety Movement are interested in hearing your perspective concerning this issue. Please email events@patientsafetymovement.org if you have a story that you’d like to share. If you are worried about anonymity please submit your story at the link below.
  20. Content Article
    Medication errors are the most common adverse event in hospitals and have significant economic and health consequences. This white paper developed by the European Collaborative Action on Medication Errors and Traceability (ECAMET) Alliance collects the results of a pan-European survey on medication errors. It includes 25 reports comprising 13 country reports in English, eight translations in other languages, a private hospitals report, specialised oncology and ICU reports and one consolidated report. It makes several recommendations to reduce medication errors in hospitals and highlights the need to: establish a culture of safety. create strategies to improve communication. raise awareness and organise regular multi-disciplinary training meetings. systematically use accreditation/certification systems. introduce technological tools.
  21. Content Article
    Extravasation is the accidental leakage of any liquid from a vein into the surrounding tissues, which can cause serious harm to the patient. This report analyses the 467 claims relating to extravasation injuries received by NHS Resolution between 1 April 2010 and 1 December 2021. It includes information about specific injuries caused by extravasation, factors that led to injuries and specialities in which most injuries occurred.
  22. Content Article
    Medication errors can occur at any point in the system for prescribing, dispensing and administering drugs in the NHS – and can often be the result of human errors creeping in as burned out staff misread or miscalculate the amount needed. This article in the Health Services Journal examines how closed loop medication management systems can improve patient safety by ensuring patients are prescribed the right dosage of the right medications. The author speaks to Islam Elkonaissi, former lead pharmacist for cancer services in Cambridge, about the importance of well-planned implementation and bridging the gap between IT specialists and healthcare workers to make sure that potential for communication errors is minimised. They also discuss the value of the huge amounts of data AI systems can collect, which in turn make the systems more precise and accurate.
  23. Content Article
    This book examines the concept of medical narcissism and how error disclosure to patients and families is often compromised by the health professional’s need to preserve his or her self-esteem at the cost of honouring the patient’s right to the unvarnished truth about what has happened. This ground-breaking book explores common psychological reactions of healthcare professionals to the commission of a serious harm-causing error and the variety of obstacles that can compromise ethically sound, truthful disclosure.
  24. Content Article
    This edition to the Institute of Medicine Quality Chasm series discusses the key aspects of the work environment for nurses and reviews the potential improvements in working conditions that are likely to have an impact on patient safety.
  25. Content Article
    This updated edition includes the latest findings on patient safety by two of the foremost authorities on medical mistakes. Two physician-professors investigate (and re-investigate) the errors endemic to modern medical care and suggest ways to prevent hospitals and doctors from inadvertently killing their patients. Emerging from these compelling stories and insights is a powerful case for change - by policymakers, hospitals, doctors, nurses, and even patients and their families. The authors underscore the depth and breadth of dangers in medical care. They also suggest basic safety procedures and hard-nosed remedies that could make erratic systems fail-safe and save countless lives.
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