The lesson pack includes:

• Teacher guidance
• PDF and PowerPoint lesson plan
• Accompanying student worksheets and resources
• Parent/Carer letter template
• Frequently Asked Questions for teachers

• From a public health perspective, it is possible that neonatal illness contributes to 72% of all deaths under 10 years of age.
• Children who received additional care after birth (neonatal care) made up 83% of children who died before their 1st birthday, 38% of deaths in the next 4 years, and 27% of deaths between the ages of 5 and 9.  
• For babies born alive, at or after 22 weeks gestation, who subsequently died before 10 years of age between 1 April 2019 and 31 March 2021, half of the deaths occurred in children over one month old.
• There is a clear association between childhood death following neonatal illness and learning disabilities. Over half of the children who died also had learning disabilities.
• Where deaths were found to be caused by a perinatal event, the majority (78%) were caused by prematurity-related conditions. 13% were caused by perinatal asphyxia, 4% were caused by a perinatally acquired infection, and 4% were due to other causes.  
• Modifiable factors were identified in 34% of the deaths reviewed. The most common were smoking in pregnancy, lack of involvement of appropriate services, and maternal obesity.

• Children and young people with gender incongruence or dysphoria must receive the same standards of clinical care, assessment and treatment as every other child or young person accessing health services. 
• The care of this group of children and young people is everyone’s business. Our initial work indicates that clinicians at all levels feel they have the transferable skills and commitment to support these children and young people, but there needs to be agreement and guidance about the appropriate clinical assessment process that should take place at primary, secondary and tertiary level, underpinned by better data and evidence. 
• Addressing the challenges will require service transformation, with support offered at different levels of the health service.
• The Review’s research programme will not just build the evidence base in the UK but will also contribute to the global evidence base, meaning that young people, their families, carers and the clinicians supporting them can make more informed decisions about the right path for them. 

A fundamentally different service model is needed which is more in line with other paediatric provision, to provide timely and appropriate care for children and young people needing support around their gender identity. This must include support for any other clinical presentations that they may have.

It is essential that these children and young people can access the same level of psychological and social support as any other child or young person in distress, from their first encounter with the NHS and at every level within the service.

The Review team will work with NHS England, providers and the broader stakeholder community to further define the service model and workforce implications.

• Doctors & Nurses in Emergency Departments
• Paediatric Doctors & Nurses in training
• General Practitioners
• Doctors in Foundation Programmes
• Emergency Care Practitioners, Paramedics & Technicians
• Medical students
• Nurse Practitioners & GP Practice Nurses
• Health Visitors & School Nurses

Key recommendations include:

• delivering surgery for the most complex conditions in fewer centres of expertise.
• reducing the number of unnecessary operations.
• increasing the scope of day surgery.

You will need a FutureNHS account to view this report, or you can view a short video summary which includes key recommendations.